外显子和RNA测序之间的差异

关键差异 - 外部与RNA测序

核酸sequencingis the technique which determines the order of核苷酸在特定的碎片中DNA or RNAof an organism. Sequencing is important in identifying the DNA and RNA makeup of the cell and distinguishing certain genes which code for functional proteins; thus, sequencing can be used to understand themutations这些基因和基因表达.Sanger Sequencing方法或更高级的方法Next generation sequencingmethods are the sequencing methods that are commonly utilized.Exome sequencing is the sequencing of the complete set ofexons或RNA测序中存在的DNA区域是核糖核酸（RNA）的测序程序。这是外显子组和RNA测序之间的关键区别。

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Exome Sequencing
3.什么是RNA测序
4.外显子和RNA测序之间的相似性
5.并排比较 - 表格形式的外显型与RNA测序
6。概括

What is Exome Sequencing?

Exomeis a subset of the genome which consists of the coding genes of a particular organism. Coding genes are named as exons and are transcribed intomRNA然后翻译成氨基酸序列。在转录后修改期间，RNA剪接机制真核生物remove the introns (non coding regions), and the exons remain. There are two main techniques in which exome sequencing is done: solution based and array based.

In solution-based exome sequencing, DNA samples are fragmented using eitherrestriction enzymesor mechanical method and denatured by heat. In this technique, biotinylated oligonucleotideprobes（诱饵）用于选择性地与基因组中的靶区域杂交。磁性链霉亲和素珠用于结合步骤。结合之后是洗涤步骤，其中未结合和非靶向序列被冲走。然后使用绑定目标扩增Polymerase Chain reaction (PCR)and then are sequenced using Sanger sequencing or Next Generation Sequencing techniques.

Array based method is also similar to the solution based method, except that DNA fragments are captured into a微阵列, and then the binding and the washing steps follow before being sequenced.

外部测序用于许多应用，例如疾病的遗传诊断，基因治疗在识别新型遗传标志物中，在农业中确定各种有益的农艺特征和植物育种程序。

什么是RNA测序？

RNA sequencing is based on thetranscriptome，这是细胞的完整成绩单。RNA测序的主要目标是分类转录本的所有物种，包括mRNA，非编码RNA和小RNA，以确定基因的转录结构，并量化在发育过程中每个转录本的表达水平。在RNA测序过程中，最初使用杂交技术（源自成熟mRNA序列的互补D​​NA）进行测序。目前，使用更准确，更先进的贯穿技术进行RNA测序。

在RNA测序中，可以将总RNA或分级RNA的RNA样品转化为互补DNA（cDNA) using reverse transcription, and acDNA libraryis prepared. Each cDNA fragment is attached to adaptors on both sides (pair end sequencing) or on one side (single end sequencing). These tagged sequences are sequenced using Sanger sequencing or next generation, like exome sequencing.

外显子和RNA测序之间有什么相似之处？

• Short selected fragments or the entire set of DNA / RNA can be used for Exome or RNA sequencing.
• Sequenced fragments are preserved in libraries.
• 可以使用Sanger测序或下一代测序。
• Both are in vitro sequencing methods.
• Sequenced fragments can be determined by fluorescent tags.

外显子和RNA测序有什么区别？

外显子与RNA测序
Exome sequencing is the sequencing of the complete set of exons or coding DNA regions present in an organism.	RNA sequencing refers to the sequencing procedure of Ribonucleic acids (RNA); the transcriptome.
Starting Sample
Genomic DNA is the starting sample of exome sequencing.	RNA是RNA测序的起始样品。
作品
这仅包含称为外显子的总DNA的编码区域	这包含RNA-MRNA /转录组。
Sequencing
There are two main methods of exome sequencing; solution based and array based technologies.	RNA sequencing is done via the preparation of a cDNA library by extracting the total RNA or fragmented RNA.

概括– Exome vs RNA Sequencing

Exome is the complete set of coding regions of an organism and the techniques involved in the determination of exact nucleotide order of Exome is known as exome sequencing. RNA sequencing is the technique involved in the determination of the nucleotide order of the RNA of an organism. This is the difference between exome and RNA sequencing.

Download PDF Version of Exome vs RNA Sequencing

You can download PDF version of this article and use it for offline purposes as per citation note. Please download PDF version here外显子和RNA测序之间的差异

参考：

1.Wang, Zhong, et al. “RNA-Seq: a revolutionary tool for transcriptomics.” Nature reviews. Genetics, U.S. National Library of Medicine, Jan. 2009,Available here. Accessed 3 Sept. 2017.
2.Warr, Amanda, et al. “Exome Sequencing: Current and Future Perspectives.” G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics, Genetics Society of America, Aug. 2015,Available here. Accessed 3 Sept. 2017.

Image Courtesy:

1.“”外显子测序工作流1A” By Malachi Griffith, Jason R. Walker, Nicholas C. Spies, Benjamin J. Ainscough, Obi L. Griffith –(CC BY 2.5)viaCommons Wikimedia
2. “Journal.pcbi.1004393.g002” By SarahKusala – Own work(CC BY 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia