诱导和可抑制操纵子之间的差异

Key Difference – Inducible vs Repressible Operon

An operon is a functioning unit of基因组DNAcontaining a cluster of genes under the control of a single promoter.Gene regulation通过通过诱导或抑制来控制操纵子来实现。操纵子有两种类型：可诱导的操纵子和可抑制操纵子。Inducible operon is a type of operon which gets switched on by a substrate chemical, i.e., an inducer. In a repressible operon, the regulation is done by a chemical substance known as a co-repressor which is normally the end product of that particular metabolic pathway。这是诱导和可抑制操纵子之间的关键区别。

CONTENTS

1。概述和关键差异
2。What are Operons
3。什么是诱导的操纵子
4。什么是可抑制的操纵子
5.诱导和可压抑操纵子之间的相似之处
6.并排比较 - 诱导型与可抑制操纵子以表格形式
7.Summary

什么是操纵子？

操纵子是由单个启动子表达或控制的结构基因簇，被认为是基因组DNA的功能单位。操纵子中有三个组件。他们是启动子，操作员和基因。基因的遗传代码转化为mRNAsequences by the process called转录。An operon produces a single unit of mRNA sequences, which are later translated into separate proteins, mostly enzymes involved in metabolic pathways. Initially, operons were discovered inprokaryotes，但后来也发现了他们在真核生物中。原核生物和真核操纵子分别导致多用电话mRNA和单科传播mRNA的起源。也可以在噬菌体(bacteria infecting viruses).

什么是诱导操纵子？

An inducible operon is a gene system that encodes an equivalent amount of酶associated with a catabolic pathway. It is inducible when ametabolite/在该途径中的底物激活编码特定酶的基因的转录。这种激活可能是由阻遏物灭活或合作时引起的。诱导操纵子由诱导剂打开。诱导操作子由结构基因，操作基因，启动子基因，调节子基因，阻遏物和诱导剂等组成部分组成。可诱导操纵子由一个或多个结构基因组成。这lac operon是诱导操纵子的最佳示例。

它包含三个结构基因；Z，Y和A分别转录mRNA并分别将mRNA转换为三酶半乳糖酶，乳糖粘酶和转乙酰基酶。算子基因位于结构基因附近，同时控制功能。

什么是可抑制的操纵子？

在存在称为共抑制剂的化学物质的情况下，调节可抑制的操纵子。共抑制始终是代谢途径的最终产物。在共同抑制器的情况下，据说操纵子被关闭。色氨酸操纵子（TRP操纵子) is an example for repressible operon. Structural genes, regulator gene, operator gene, promoter gene, and co-repressor are included in trp operon. The trp operon consists of five structural genes which transcribe mRNAs which later get translated and coded for proteins that function as enzymes.

这structural genes are regulated by a specific operator genes present as a part of the trp operon. The co repressor is produced as an end product through a metabolic pathway that takes place within the cell or may enter into the cell from outside. The concentration of the co-repressor is directly proportional to the regulation of transcription within the cell. With the increment of the co-repressor concentration, apo-repressor and co-repressor complex is formed. The apo repressor is a protein and is coded by the regulator gene present in the operon. This complex binds to the operator region and stops the transcription of structural genes. During low level of co-repressor concentrations, the joining of apo-repressor and operator gene is prevented. This enables the continuation of the formation of co-repressor. The apo-repressor and co-repressor complex combines with the operator gene and turns off the基因表达。This prevents the process of transcription and thereby stops the synthesis of enzymes.

可诱导和可抑制操纵子之间有什么相似之处？

• Inducible and repressible operons contain structural genes with similar functions and are controlled by a single promoter.
• 两种类型的操纵子都由由阻遏物控制的负面控制调节系统组成。
• 这repressor is coded by the regulatory genes present in the two operons, and once the repressor is attached to the operator, it prevents transcription.

诱导和可抑制操纵子有什么区别？

诱导型操纵子
在诱导操纵子中，将基因关闭，直到特定的代谢物使阻遏物失活。	In repressible operons, genes are kept switched on until the repressor is activated by a specific metabolite.
Metabolic Pathway
诱导操作元在分解代谢途径中的功能。	可抑制的操纵子在合成代谢途径中起作用。
酶合成
途径中使用的营养素激活酶合成。	这production is switched off by the end products of the pathway which repress enzyme synthesis.
例子
LAC操纵子是可诱导的操纵子。	TRP操纵子是一个可抑制的操纵子。

摘要 - 可诱导与可抑制操纵子

操纵子是由单个启动子控制的基因簇。根据他们执行的功能，它们是两种类型的操纵子。它们是可诱导的操纵子和可抑制的操纵子。可诱导操纵子受代谢途径中存在的底物调节，而抑制操纵子则受称为共抑制剂的代谢终产物的存在调节。这是诱导和阻遏操作子之间的主要区别。

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您可以下载本文的PDF版本，并根据引文注释将其用于离线目的。请在此处下载PDF版本诱导和可抑制操纵子之间的差异。

References:

1.“操纵子。”百科全书大不列颠。N.D.百科全书网络。在这里可用。2017年8月6日。
2。“Inducible Operon.” Inducible Operon,operator Gene,promoter Gene | Tutorvista.com. N.p., n.d. Web.在这里可用。2017年8月6日。

图片提供：

1.贝基·布恩（Becky Boone）的“ TRP操纵子”（CC BY-SA 2.0）通过Flickr