Key Difference – Osteomyelitis vs Septic Arthritis
骨髓炎和败血性关节炎都是两个infectionsaffecting the skeletal system. These infections can affect any joint or bone in the body and are most commonly caused by金黄色葡萄球菌。An infection of the bones is identified as osteomyelitis whereas an infection of the joints is called septic arthritis.This is the key difference between osteomyelitis and septic arthritis. It is important to identify the difference between osteomyelitis and septic arthritis in order to manage and treat these conditions properly.
内容
1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Osteomyelitis
3.What is Septic Arthritis
4.Similarities Between Osteomyelitis and Septic Arthritis
5.并排比较 - 骨髓炎与表格形式的化粪池关节炎
6.概括
什么是骨髓炎?
细菌是骨髓炎的最常见原因。机会菌类产生这种情况非常遥远。大多数真菌原因与慢性骨髓炎有关。
化脓性骨髓炎
This is the commonest type of osteomyelitis, and it mainly affects children. The disease pattern varies with the changes in the anatomical structure of the bone in different age groups.
病原体如何进入骨骼?
The commonest route of entry of病原体is the blood. Transient菌血症和败血病,经过牙科手术或腹腔镜手术,可以扩散到骨骼中,导致骨髓炎。静脉注射滥用者通过从受污染的针头进入人体的病原体的血源性传播来发展这种情况。
Organisms can spread into the bones from the adjacent suppurative foci as in chronic mastoiditis. Direct implantation of the pathogens can happen in compound fractures.
Causative Agents
在儿童和成人
- 金黄色葡萄球菌
- Streptococcusspp.
- 有氧运动革兰氏阴性细菌
- Bacteroides
- 沙门氏菌SPP经典导致患有儿童的骨髓炎sickle cell disease.
新生儿
- 嗜血杆菌influenza
- Group B streptococci
Variation of the Disease Pattern with Age
In children, the metaphyses of the long bones have the highest perfusion because of their high metabolic demand. But in adults,vertebraeget the richest blood supply. Therefore, metaphyses of long bones and vertebrae are the most vulnerable sites to in children and adults, respectively.
儿童分别发生了旁循环和形而上学的循环。但是在新生儿中,顿悟血管与形而上学血管进行通信,增加了传播到顿悟的形而上的感染的可能性。新生儿骨髓炎主要发生在肩膀和臀部。这两个具有关节内形而上学。因此,从这些形而上学到关节空间的猫的下有孔跟踪会引起败血性关节炎。
Pathogenesis of Osteomyelitis
菌血症或败血症后骨骼中细菌的定殖导致急性炎症和化脓。随着炎症性浸润的积累,骨内压的升高。该阶段称为临床医学中的急性骨髓炎。该患者通常发热,并抱怨受感染部位的严重疼痛。
如果没有治疗,肌内压力增加会损害受影响区域的血液供应,导致血液停滞,随后thrombosis. The ultimate result of this process is the ischemic death of the bone forming fragments called the sequestra. Once these sequestra are formed, it is impossible to eradicate the bacteria from them due to the lack of blood supply. Eventually, the disease progresses into chronic osteomyelitis.
As a healing mechanism, the periosteum starts to produce a new bone called the involucrum around the sequestra. This is a characteristic feature of the chronic osteomyelitis.
Complications of Osteomyelitis
- Formation of脓肿
- Septic arthritis
- 骨畸形
- Pathological fractures- pathological fractures in the vertebrae can cause neurological deficits
- Squamous cell metaplasia of the窦tracts can cause鳞状细胞癌
- 继发性淀粉样变性
- 败血症
调查
- X射线
- Total white cell count and differential count
- ESR和C反应性蛋白
结核性骨髓炎
In developed countries, this mainly occurs in the immune-compromised individuals. Usually, it is the vertebrae that are commonly affected by tuberculous osteomyelitis.
Organisms can reach the bones via blood, lymph or as a direct extension from the affected sites such as lungs and hilar lymph nodes.
Brodie’s abscess
这是一种局部,亚急性和懒惰的骨髓炎。
什么是化脓性关节炎?
Septic arthritis is the inflammation of the joints due to the invasion of synovial membrane by microbes.
风险群体
- Children
- 糖尿病患者
- 共同假肢的人
- IV drug abusers
Common Pathogens
- 金黄色葡萄球菌
- 血友病流感
- 淋球菌
- 革兰氏阴性细菌
Routes of Entry
- 血源扩散
- 骨髓炎的直接延伸
- Direct trauma such as penetration injuries
Clinical Features
- Fever
- 不适
- Edema受影响的关节周围
脓毒关节炎的并发症
- If not treated properly damages to the underlying structures can give rise to limp. Septic arthritis is known to increase the risk of osteoarthritis in the later life.
- 败血症
骨髓炎和败血性关节炎之间有什么相似之处?
- Both conditions are infections affecting the skeletal system
- 金黄色葡萄球菌is the commonest causative agent of both osteomyelitis and septic arthritis
骨髓炎和败血性关节炎有什么区别?
Osteomyelitis vs Septic Arthritis |
|
骨骼的感染被确定为骨髓炎。 | 败血性关节炎是由于微生物侵袭了滑膜的炎症。 |
Effect | |
This affects the metaphyses or epiphyses of the bones. | 这会影响关节。 |
总结——Osteomyelitis vs Septic Arthritis
骨髓炎是骨骼的感染,而败血性关节炎是由于微生物侵袭了滑膜膜引起的关节炎症。这是败血性关节炎和骨髓炎之间的主要区别。每当患者抱怨任何相关症状时,都应怀疑这两种情况。评估危险因素并确定患有危险因素的人对于降低疾病的发生很重要。
Download PDF Version of Osteomyelitis vs Septic Arthritis
您可以下载本文的PDF版本,并根据引文注释将其用于离线目的。请在此处下载PDF版本骨髓炎和败血性关节炎之间的差异。
参考
1. Kumar,Vinay,Stanley Leonard Robbins,Ramzi S. Cotran,Abul K. Abbas和Nelson Fausto。罗宾斯和科特兰疾病的病理基础。第9版。宾夕法尼亚州费城:Elsevier Saunders,2010年。印刷。
Image Courtesy:
1. “Osteomyelitis of the 1st MTP” By James Heilman, MD –(CC BY-SA 4.0)viaCommons Wikimedia
2.“”SepticArth2011 (cropped)” By Tetsuo Hagino, Masanori Wako, Satoshi Ochiai – (CC BY 2.5) viaCommons Wikimedia
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