钥匙Difference-甘油VS脂肪酸
Fats are stored in the body as triacylglycerols inadipose tissue。三酰基甘油是一种良好的能量来源,因为与糖类sources. But due to its insolubility, it is not readily used by the body. Triacylglycerols are composed of fatty acids and glycerol joined by an ester bond. Fatty acids are longhydrocarbonchains with acarboxyl脂肪酸链α端的组(COOH)。甘油是具有三个羟基(OH组)的多元醇,称为三羟基sugar alcohol。The关键区别脂肪酸和甘油是两种化合物的化学成分。脂肪酸具有末端羧基,而甘油则属于酒精有三个OH组。
CONTENTS
1。概述和关键差异
2。What is Glycerol
3。什么是脂肪酸
4。Similarities Between Glycerol and Fatty Acids
5.并排比较 - 甘油与表格形式的脂肪酸
6.Summary
什么是甘油?
甘油which is also termed as甘油or甘油eis a non – toxic chemical compound. It is a polyol which is an alcohol composed of three hydroxyl groups. The formula of glycerol is C3H8o3。甘油是一个sweet tasting, clear, colorless hygroscopic liquid which is viscous in nature. The density of glycerol is 1.261 g/ml. Its boiling point is 290 degrees Celsius, and its melting point is 17.8 degrees Celsius. Glycerol is denser than water and has a higherboiling point和熔点比水。
甘油是一个极性分子。It is highly soluble and miscible in water due to the presence of the OH groups. These OH groups are also responsible for imparting thehygroscopic财产到水。因此,甘油很容易取水并保留水。因此,应使用甘油时使用特殊的密封容器。
The body satisfies its requirement of glycerol fromlipid脂肪酶催化的分解。体内的甘油储存在肝脏和脂肪组织中,在需要时将其重新形成三酰基甘油。此外,甘油还用于提升blood plasmaosmolality。通过抬高渗透压,将更多的水从组织中提取到间质流体。甘油或甘油还充当通过近端综合小管中肾脏吸收水的药物。这导致血液体积较低,排泄量的水和钠含量较高。
甘油是一个lso used commercially in the food industry as a food emulsifier and a flavoring agent. Glycerol is used in personal care products such as toothpaste, shower gel, perfumes and other accessory ointments and creams. It is also used to manufacture pharmaceuticals.
什么是脂肪酸?
脂肪酸是烃的长链,并具有羧基末端。它们是非极性分子,因此不溶于水,但可溶于有机溶剂。脂肪酸通常是直链化合物,可能具有奇数或偶数碳原子。奇数脂肪酸主要在细菌和下植物或动物中发现。根据碳原子的数量,其在生物体中的合成和分解略有不同。脂肪酸链中的碳原子数量为2至80。但是常见的脂肪酸含有约12至24个碳原子。根据碳原子的数量和链的长度,有三种类型的脂肪酸链。
Fatty Acid Chains
- Short-chain fatty acids – 2 to 6 carbons
- 中等 - 链脂肪酸 - 它们被称为8至10碳,最高12个被称为24
- 长链脂肪酸 - 12至24
根据双键的存在和不存在,脂肪酸可以归类为饱和和不饱和脂肪酸。饱和脂肪酸不构成任何双键。不饱和脂肪酸可能包含一个双键 -Monounsaturated fatty acids或多个双键 -多不饱和脂肪酸。多不饱和脂肪酸也被称为必不可少的脂肪酸,因为它们起着重要的有益作用,应通过食物消费。多不饱和脂肪酸是长链脂肪酸,因此无法在体内合成(Omega 3和Omega 6脂肪酸)
甘油和脂肪酸之间有什么相似之处?
- 两者都由碳,氢和氧气组成。
- Both compounds participate in esterification reactions to produce triacylglycerols.
- Both compounds play a functional and structural role in fat metabolism
甘油和脂肪酸有什么区别?
甘油VS脂肪酸 |
|
甘油是具有三个羟基(OH组)的多元醇,称为三羟基sugar alcohol. | Fatty acids are long hydrocarbon chains with a carboxyl group (COOH) at the terminal of the fatty acid chain. |
分类 | |
没有任何 | 可以根据链长以及饱和度和不饱和度进行分类 |
水中的溶解度 | |
甘油可溶于水。 | Fatty acids are insoluble in water. |
Polarity | |
甘油是极性分子。 | Fatty acid is a nonpolar molecule. |
碳数 | |
Three carbon atoms are present in glycerol. | Carbon number may vary from 2- 80 in fatty acids. |
Summary – GlycerolVS脂肪酸
脂肪酸和甘油是重要的化合物hich are studied extensively due to the fact that they are the precursors of triacylglycerols and other functional lipid compounds. The difference between fatty acids and glycerol is that fatty acids are nonpolar linear hydrocarbon chains whereas glycerol is polar and composed of a fixed 3 carbons each joined by a hydroxyl group. Both undergo esterification to produce fatty acylglycerols which has a major functional role in the physiology of organisms. Individually both components have its properties and applications.
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参考:
1.“脂肪酸”。脂肪酸结构。在这里可用
2。“Glycerol.” National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Database, U.S. National Library of Medicine.在这里可用
图片提供:
1。’Glycerin – Glycerol’By NEUROtiker (Public Domain) via下议院维基梅迪亚
2.’221脂肪酸形状-01'由OpenStax College - 解剖与生理学,连接网站,,,,Jun 19, 2013(CC由3.0)通过下议院维基梅迪亚
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