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What is the Difference Between Depression and Schizophrenia

2022年7月7日Posted bySamanthi博士

这关键区别between depression and schizophreniais that in depression, people may experience feelings of sadness or loss of interest in activities they once enjoyed, while in schizophrenia, people may interpret reality abnormally.

精神疾病会影响人们的思维,感觉,情绪和行为。它们可能偶尔或持久。精神疾病也会影响他们与他人联系并每天运作的能力。抑郁症和精神分裂症是两种精神疾病。

CONTENTS

1。概述和关键差异
2。What is Depression
3。What is Schizophrenia
4。Similarities – Depression and Schizophrenia
5.抑郁与精神分裂症的表格形式
6.Summary – Depression vs Schizophrenia

What is Depression?

抑郁症是一种严重的医学疾病,人们可能会经历对曾经喜欢的活动的悲伤或失去兴趣的感觉。抑郁会对人们的感受,思维方式以及他们的行为方式产生负面影响,导致各种情感和身体问题,并降低正常功能的能力。

这种情况的症状可能从轻度到重度不等。其中包括感到悲伤或情绪低落,以前享受的活动的兴趣或愉悦感,睡眠困难或睡眠过度,精力丧失或增加疲劳,食欲的变化(体重减轻或与节食无关),无目的的身体增加活动或慢速运动或言语,感到毫无价值或有罪,难以思考,集中或做出决定和自杀的决定。这些症状必须持续至少两周,并且必须代表先前功能水平的变化,以诊断抑郁状况。抑郁是由于生物学差异,脑化学,激素失衡和遗传性状引起的。

抑郁和精神分裂症 - 并排比较

Figure 01: Depression

可以通过身体检查,实验室检查(血液检查),精神病评估和DSM-5(精神障碍诊断和统计手册)来诊断抑郁症。此外,通过多种方法来治疗抑郁症(包括药物)(选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(SSRIS),选择性去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂(SNRIS),非典型antidepressants,Trycyclic抗抑郁药,单胺氧化酶抑制剂(MAOI),其他药物,例如情绪稳定剂,抗精神病药,抗焦虑药和刺激药物),心理治疗,替代格式,用于治疗(计算机,在线课程,在线课程,视频或工作本,医院,医院),医院,医院,医院,医院,医院,医院)治疗。除上述内容外,其他一些治疗方法还包括电击疗法(ECT)和经颅磁刺激(TMS)。

什么是精神分裂症?

精神分裂症是一种严重的医学疾病,人们可能会异常解释现实。精神分裂症会影响一个人的思维,感觉和行为。它还可能导致职业和社会功能受到重大损害。这种情况的常见症状包括delusions, hallucinations,混乱的思维或言语,极度混乱或异常的运动行为以及负面症状,例如忽视个人卫生,缺乏情绪,对日常活动失去兴趣,社交戒断或缺乏体验愉悦的能力。研究人员认为,精神分裂症是由于遗传学,大脑化学和环境贡献的结合而引起的。

抑郁与精神分裂症的表格形式

Figure 02: Schizophrenia

此外,可以通过体格检查,测试和筛查(MRI,CT扫描),精神病评估以及使用DSM-5中精神分裂症的诊断标准来诊断精神分裂症。Furthermore, schizophrenia can be treated through medications (first-generation antipsychotic drugs such as chlorpromazine, second-generation antipsychotic drugs such as aripiprazole, asenapine, long-lasting injectable antipsychotic drugs fluphenazine decanoate, psychosocial interventions (individual therapy, social skills training, vocational rehabilitation,家庭疗法以及支持就业),住院和电击疗法。

What are the Similarities Between Depression and Schizophrenia?

  • 抑郁症和精神分裂症是两种精神疾病。
  • 大约25%的被诊断患有精神分裂症的人符合抑郁症的标准。
  • Both mental illnesses may have similar symptoms, such as lack of emotions, loss of interest in everyday activities, social withdrawal, or lack of ability to experience pleasure.
  • 可以通过体格检查,精神科评估和DSM-5诊断它们。
  • 这y are treated through medications, psychotherapy, and hospitalization.

抑郁症和精神分裂症有什么区别?

Depression is a serious medical illness in which people may experience feelings of sadness or loss of interest in activities they once enjoyed while schizophrenia is a serious medical illness in which people may interpret reality abnormally. This is the key difference between depression and schizophrenia. Furthermore, depression is a very common mental illness, while schizophrenia is an uncommon mental illness.

下表总结了抑郁症和精神分裂症之间的差异。

Summary – Depression vs Schizophrenia

抑郁症和精神分裂症是两种类型的-known mental illnesses. In depression, people may experience feelings of sadness or loss of interest in activities they once enjoyed. In schizophrenia, people may interpret reality abnormally. This summarizes the difference between depression and schizophrenia.

参考:

1。Koskie, Brandi. “Depression Statistics: Types, Symptoms, Treatments & More。”Healthline,Healthline Media。
2.“”Schizophrenia。”梅奥诊所,梅奥医学教育和研究基金会。

图片提供:

1。“Depressed (4649749639)” By Sander van der Wel from Netherlands – Depressed(CC BY-SA 2.0)via Commons Wikimedia
2.“”精神分裂症(大脑)” By BruceBlaus – Own work(CC BY-SA 4.0)via Commons Wikimedia

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关于作者:Samanthi博士

Samanthi博士Udayangani holds a B.Sc. Degree in Plant Science, M.Sc. in Molecular and Applied Microbiology, and PhD in Applied Microbiology. Her research interests include Bio-fertilizers, Plant-Microbe Interactions, Molecular Microbiology, Soil Fungi, and Fungal Ecology.

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