Difference Between Taq Polymerase and DNA Polymerase

Key Difference – Taq Polymerase vs DNA Polymerase

脱氧核糖核酸polymerase is an酶这创造了新的脱氧核糖核酸from its building blocks (nucleotides). In prokaryotes and eukaryotes, different types of DNA polymerases are found. DNA duplication is feasible due to the presence of these special enzymes, and genetic information is passed to the offspring by the action of DNA polymerases. Taq polymerase is a special type of DNA polymerase which is thermostable and is widely used inpcr。Taq polymerase is found in thermophilic bacteria and purified in体外脱氧核糖核酸replication。这key differencebetween Taq polymerase and DNA polymerase is thatTAQ聚合酶可以在高温下（在蛋白质降解温度下）的其他DNA聚合酶变性，而其他DNA聚合酶可以承受高温。

内容
1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Taq Polymerase
3.What is DNA Polymerase
4.并排比较 - TAQ聚合酶与DNA聚合酶
5.概括

What is Taq Polymerase?

Taq polymerase (TAQ DNA聚合酶）是用于合成DNA的酶体外by PCR technique. It is produced by the thermophilic bacterium called这rmus aquaticus它生活在温泉和热通风口中。TAQ聚合酶是一种热稳定酶，在高温下不会降解。TAQ聚合酶首次纯化并在Chien发表等。in 1976. PCR technique is performed with the aid of Taq polymerase due to its capacity to tolerate high temperature and temperature fluctuations during the PCR. Taq polymerase catalyzes the DNA synthesis when there are primers,核苷酸和the single-stranded template DNA. The enzyme consists of a single多肽with a molecular weight of approximately 94 kDa. Taq polymerase shows its optimum activity at 80 °C and at 7 – 8 pH range with the presence of Magnesium ions. It has both polymerase and exonuclease activity. The enzyme is composed of a single polypeptide chain and the gene for Taq polymerase contains high G and C content (67.9%).

热稳定的TAQ聚合酶允许在高温下进行PCR，从而增加引物的特异性并减少产生不良的PCR产物（底漆二聚体）。TAQ聚合酶还无需在每个PCR反应周期后将新酶添加到PCR反应中，因为其能够承受高温。TAQ聚合酶的发现使PCR能够在相对简单的机器中在单个封闭的管中执行。由于TAQ聚合酶的这些特性，在许多分子生物学分析中，PCR成为普遍表现的实验室技术。

TAQ聚合酶被广泛用于分子生物学技术，并且需要大规模的TAQ聚合酶产生。因此，使用重组DNA技术和基因克隆, the gene that encoded the Taq DNA polymerase had been cloned and expressed inEscherichia coli。这极大地促进了生产重组TAQ聚合酶，并降低了该酶的价格以供充分使用。

What is DNA Polymerase?

脱氧核糖核酸polymerase is an enzyme which catalyzes the synthesis of DNA from nucleotides. It is the most accurate enzyme responsible for duplicating genomes and passing genetic information to offspring. During cell division, DNA polymerase duplicates all of its DNA and passes one copy to each daughter cell. In 1955, Arthur Kornberg was discovered DNA polymerase in大肠杆菌。DNA聚合酶的功能取决于几种要求。模板DNA，mg⁺²ions, all four types of deoxynucleotides (dATP, dTTP, dCTP and d GTP), and a short sequence of RNA (primer). Synthesis of the DNA is done in the direction of 5’to 3’ by DNA polymerase.

DNA聚合酶可以分为七个不同的家族：A，B，C，D，X，Y和RT（逆转录酶）。Retroviruses编码RT;不寻常的DNA聚合酶，需要一个用于DNA合成的RNA模板。原核生物中有五种不同类型的DNA聚合酶在DNA复制中有不同的作用。DNA聚合酶3负责新的DNA链的聚合。DNA聚合酶1负责修复和修补DNA。DNA聚合酶2、4和5负责修复和校对DNA。在真核生物中，有15种不同类型的DNA聚合酶。他们包括五个主要家庭。

DNA聚合酶用于基因克隆，PCR，DNA测序，SNPdetection, molecular diagnostics, etc. Taq polymerase is one kind of a DNA polymerase which can tolerate high temperatures and be available for DNA synthesis without degradation.

What is the difference between Taq Polymerase and DNA Polymerase?

TAQ聚合酶与DNA聚合酶
TAQ DNA聚合酶是产生DNA的酶。它是在嗜热剂中发现的热稳定酶	DNA聚合酶是一种酶，可促进DNA复制，并在原核和真核生物中发现。
Degradation at High Temperatures
TAQ聚合酶在高温下具有活性。	脱氧核糖核酸polymerases degrade at protein denaturing high temperatures.
Use
这被广泛用于PCR	Taq polymerase replaced theDNA polymerase from大肠杆菌originally used in PCR.

概括– Taq Polymerase vs DNA Polymerase

DNA聚合酶是当可用的模板和引物可用时从脱氧核苷酸（DNA的构件）中合成DNA的酶。DNA聚合酶需要在细胞分裂期间复制细胞的DNA并进入相同的子细胞。DNA聚合酶在底漆的3'末端添加了新的核苷酸，并将新的DNA链合成延伸到5'至3’方向。TAQ DNA聚合酶是一种DNA聚合酶一种酶之一，在聚合酶链反应（PCR）的DNA扩增方法中非常有用。E. coli脱氧核糖核酸polymerase 1 was used earlier for PCR, but commercial Taq polymerase supplanted it due to its high specificity of primer binding at elevated temperatures and production of a higher yield of the desired product with less non-specific amplification product. This is the difference between Taq Polymerase and DNA Polymerase.

Reference:
1.Ishino, Sonoko, and Yoshizumi Ishino. “DNA polymerases as useful reagents for biotechnology – the history of developmental research in the field.” Frontiers in Microbiology. Frontiers Media S.A., 2014. Web. 28 Feb. 2017
2”Taq和其他DNA聚合酶耐热性的。”Springer. Springer Netherlands, 01 Jan. 1970. Web. 28 Feb. 2017
3.Stillman, Bruce. “DNA polymerases at the replication fork in eukaryotes.” Molecular cell. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 09 May 2008. Web. 28 Feb. 2017
4. EakaryoticDnapolymerases - 牛津大学。”N.P.，N.D。网络。2017年2月28日

Image Courtesy:
1. “Taq”By Adenosine – Own work(CC BY-SA 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia
2. “DNA polymerase” By Yikrazuul – Own work(CC BY-SA 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia