Difference Between Acetylcholine and Adrenaline

Thekey difference在乙酰胆碱和肾上腺素之间acetylcholine is aneurotransmitterin bothperipheral and central nervous systemsin many organisms, while adrenaline is ahormonethat helps to react quickly in a stressful situation.

Acetylcholine and adrenaline are two important molecules produced in our body. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that mediates nerve impulses in both central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. Adrenaline, on the other hand, is a hormone as well as a neurotransmitter. It is responsible for the fight or flight response which helps us to react in stressful situations. Acetylcholine is released by the nerve ending to neuromuscular junctions and transported as vesicles while adrenaline is produced by adrenal glands and released into the blood.

CONTENTS

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Acetylcholine
3.What is Adrenaline
4.Similarities Between Acetylcholine and Adrenaline
5.Side by Side Comparison – Acetylcholine vs Adrenaline in Tabular Form
6.概括

What is Acetylcholine?

Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter which functions in both central and peripheral nervous systems. It is an organic polyatomic ion. It is the first neurotransmitter that was identified in 1914 by Henry Hallett Dale. Acetylcholine is released by nerve endings into neuromuscular junctions. Then they are transported as vesicles.

乙酰胆碱在突触可塑性中很重要，包括学习和短期记忆。乙酰胆碱与乙酰胆碱受体结合，并在骨骼肌中神经肌肉连接处充当兴奋性神经递质，以通过诱导其收缩来激活肌肉。但是在心脏组织中，它通过抑制心肌纤维的收缩来降低心跳产生抑制作用。因此，乙酰胆碱具有兴奋性和抑制作用。

什么是肾上腺素？

肾上腺素是肾上腺产生的激素。中枢神经系统中的一些神经元也会产生肾上腺素。它负责在压力条件下为战斗或飞行反应做准备。因此，肾上腺素也被称为战斗或飞行激素。在压力，令人兴奋，危险或威胁性的情况下，它很快被释放到我们的血液中。它介导了增加心率，增加血压，扩大肺部的空气通道，扩大眼睛中的学生，将血液重新分布到肌肉并改变身体的代谢。它还可以充当神经递质。因此，它是大脑中的化学信使。

肾上腺素也在许多情况下使用和管理anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest and during superficial bleeding. The administration of adrenaline is done intravenously. There are side effects of adrenaline treatment. They include excessive sweating, development of anxiety and shakiness.

What are the Similarities Between Acetylcholine and Adrenaline?

• Both, acetylcholine and adrenaline act as neurotransmitters.
• They bind with their respective receptors.

乙酰胆碱和肾上腺素有什么区别？

Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter in the nervous system while adrenaline is a hormone which is responsible for the fight or flight response in our body. So, this is the key difference between acetylcholine and adrenaline. Moreover, certain neurons synthesize acetylcholine and release them into neuromuscular junctions while adrenal glands and some neurons produce adrenaline and release into the bloodstream.

The below infographic shows more details of the difference between acetylcholine and adrenaline.

概括– Acetylcholine vs Adrenaline

Acetylcholine is a major neurotransmitter in both PNS and CNS. It transmits nerve impulses. It has both excitatory and inhibitory effects. Meanwhile, adrenaline is a hormone produced mainly by adrenal glands. It triggers the body’s fight-or-flight response. It also works as a neurotransmitter in the brain. Thus, this is the key difference between acetylcholine and adrenaline.

Reference:

1.“神经递质和受体。”流明，Available here.
2. “Adrenaline.” Hormone Health Network,Available here.

Image Courtesy:

1. “Cholinergic synapse” By Smedlib, based on original work by Pancrat – Own work(CC BY-SA 4.0)viaCommons Wikimedia
2. “872345” (CC0) viaPixabay