Difference Between Glucogenic and Ketogenic Amino Acids

Thekey difference在糖原和酮氨基酸之间是糖氨基酸产生丙酮酸或其他任何其他葡萄糖前体catabolismwhile ketogenic amino acids produce乙酰COA和乙酰乙酰基CoA分解代谢。

Amino acids are the fundamental molecules, which make up the chemical structure of蛋白质和多肽。虽然有different classifications for amino acids, we can classify them as glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids depending on the intermediates that they form during their catabolism. As mentioned above, the end product of the catabolism of amino acids gives two types of intermediate products; either pyruvate (or to other glucose precursors) or acetyl CoA and acetoacetyl CoA.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What are Glucogenic Amino Acids
3.What are Ketogenic Amino Acids
4.Side by Side Comparison – Glucogenic vs Ketogenic Amino Acids in Tabular Form
5.概括

什么是糖氨基酸？

Glucogenic amino acids are the class of amino acids that produce pyruvate or other glucose precursors during the catabolism of the amino acid. These molecules convert into glucose via gluconeogenesis. Also, the intermediate products of these amino acids may include pyruvate, alpha-ketoglutarate, succinyl CoA, fumarate or oxaloacetate.

此外，除了赖氨酸和亮氨酸外，几乎所有必需氨基酸都是糖氨基酸。

Some common examples for these amino acids are as follows:

• Alanine
• Arginine
• Asparagine
• Aspartic
• 半胱氨酸
• Glutamic
• 谷氨酰胺
• Glycine
• Histidine
• Methionine
• 脯氨酸
• 丝氨酸
• Valine

What are Ketogenic Amino Acids?

Ketogenic amino acids are the class of amino acids that produce acetyl CoA and acetoacetyl CoA during the catabolism of the amino acid. These are the intermediate products of their catabolism. Also, these products can further convert into ketone bodies. However, unlike the glucogenic amino acids, these amino acids cannot produce glucose. Because, the ketone body that they produce degrades into carbon dioxide in the citric acid cycle ultimately.

我们体内最常见的生酮氨基酸是赖氨酸和亮氨酸，对我们来说是必需的氨基酸。此外，有一些氨基酸可以作为糖原或生酮形式。

可以在这两个角色中起作用的五个主要氨基酸如下：

• Phenylalanine
• 异亮氨酸
• Threonine
• Tryptophan
• Tyrosine

同样，这五个氨基酸可以引起葡萄糖前体（糖氨基酸的作用）和脂肪酸前体（生酮氨基酸的作用）。除此之外，我们的身体还使用生酮氨基酸来生产脂质或生酮发生。

What is the Difference Between Glucogenic and Ketogenic Amino Acids?

Glucogenic amino acids are the class of amino acids that produce pyruvate or other glucose precursors during the catabolism of the amino acid whereas ketogenic amino acids are the class of amino acids that produce acetyl CoA and acetoacetyl CoA during the catabolism of the amino acid. These two classes of amino acids are different from each other according to the intermediate products that they form during their catabolism. Hence the key difference between glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids is that glucogenic amino acids produce pyruvate or any other glucose precursors during their catabolism while ketogenic amino acids produce acetyl CoA and acetoacetyl CoA during their catabolism.

Another difference between glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids is that the glucogenic amino acids involve in the production of glucose whereas the ketogenic amino acids cannot produce glucose.

以下信息图概述了表格形式的糖原和生酮氨基酸之间的差异。

概括– Glucogenic vs Ketogenic Amino Acids

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Furthermore, there are two types of amino acids depending on the intermediate products that they produce during their catabolism. They are glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids. The key difference between glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids is that the glucogenic amino acids produce pyruvate or any other glucose precursors during their catabolism while ketogenic amino acids produce acetyl CoA and acetoacetyl CoA during their catabolism.

Reference:

1. “Glucogenic and Ketogenic Amino Acids.” Khan Academy, Khan Academy.Available here
2.“Ketogenic Amino Acid.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 24 Feb. 2018.Available here

Image Courtesy:

1.”Amino acid catabolism revised”By Mikael Häggström (CC0) viaCommons Wikimedia
2.“6062776253”Bioreg图像（CC由2.0）viaFlickr