What is the Difference Between Ferritin and Hemoglobin

Thekey difference在铁蛋白和血红蛋白之间is that ferritin is an intracellular storage metalloprotein that stores the iron and releases it in a controlled manner, while hemoglobin is a transport metalloprotein in红细胞that transports oxygen through the body.

铁蛋白和血红蛋白是两个重要的金属蛋白。金属蛋白是具有金属离子辅因子的蛋白质。这些金属元素可以是铁，铜，钴，锰等。大部分蛋白质属于这一组。例如，人类中大约有3000个金属蛋白。因此，荟萃蛋白在细胞中具有许多功能，包括存储，运输，enzymes, signal transduction proteins and defence proteins against infections.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Ferritin
3.What is Hemoglobin
4.相似之处 - 铁蛋白和血红蛋白
5.铁蛋白与血红蛋白在表格Form
6.Summary – Ferritin vs Hemoglobin

What is Ferritin?

Ferritin is a universal intracellular storage metalloprotein that stores iron and releases it. This protein is present in almost all living organisms, including archaea, bacteria, algae, higher plants, and animals. Therefore, it is the primary iron storage protein in原核生物和真核生物. Structurally, ferritin is a globular protein that contains 24 protein subunits. The ferritin that is not combined with iron is known as apoferritin. The molecular mass of this protein is 474 kDa. The genes encoding for this protein in humans areFTL和FTH.

铁蛋白可以将铁保持可溶性和无毒形式。这是针对人类铁缺乏症和铁超载的非常重要的缓冲。铁蛋白是许多组织中的胞质蛋白。但是，少量分泌到血清中，因此可以充当铁载体。医生将血清铁蛋白视为体内储存的铁总量的间接标记。因此，血清铁蛋白测试用作铁缺乏贫血的诊断测试。男性血液中的正常铁蛋白水平为18-270 ng/ml，而女性为30-160 ng/ml。此外，铁蛋白具有许多有用的功能，例如铁储存，铁载体，铁氧化酶活性，在免疫反应和应激反应中的作用，参与氧化和还原反应等等。

什么是血红蛋白？

Haemoglobin is a transport metalloprotein in red blood cells that transports oxygen through the body. It contains irons and presents in almost all vertebrates as well as some invertebrates. The hemoglobin carries oxygen from the lungs or gills to the rest of the body. Then it releases oxygen for aerobic respiration in order to produce energy for the functions of organisms. Normally, a healthy individual has 20-30 grams of hemoglobin in every 100 mL of blood. Mammalian hemoglobin can carry up to four oxygen molecules. Hemoglobin has an oxygen-binding capacity of 1.34 mL O₂per gram. Furthermore, hemoglobin is also involved in the transport of other gases such as CO₂. It also carries nitrogen oxides.

Cells that carry hemoglobin in addition to red blood cells include A9 dopaminergic neurons, macrophages, alveolar cells, retinal pigment epithelium, hepatocytes, kidney mesangial cells and endometrial cells. In these cells, hemoglobin works as an antioxidant and regulates iron metabolism. Hemoglobinemia is a medical condition where an excess of hemoglobin is found in the blood plasma due to the effects of intravascular hemolysis.

What are the Similarities Between Ferritin and Hemoglobin?

• 铁蛋白和血红蛋白是两个重要的金属蛋白。
• They are proteins made up of amino acids.
• Both are large globular proteins.
• These have subunits.
• Both are present in the blood.
• They are both connected to anemia.
• They have the function of carrying elements.

What is the Difference Between Ferritin and Hemoglobin?

铁蛋白是一种细胞内储存金属蛋白，可将铁储存并以受控的方式释放，而血红蛋白是红细胞中的转运金属蛋白，可将氧气通过人体运输。Thus, this is the key difference between ferritin and hemoglobin. Furthermore, ferritin has 24 subunits, while hemoglobin has 4 subunits.

The following infographic lists the differences between ferritin and hemoglobin in tabular form for side by side comparison.

Summary – Ferritin vs Hemoglobin

金属蛋白是由至少一种金属元素（例如铁，铜，钴和锰）结合的蛋白质。铁蛋白和血红蛋白是两个重要的金属蛋白。铁蛋白是一种细胞内储存金属蛋白，可将铁储存并以受控的方式释放，而血红蛋白是红细胞中的转运金属蛋白，可将氧气通过人体运输。因此，这总结了铁蛋白和血红蛋白之间的差异。

Reference:

1. “Ferritin Test.” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 28 Nov. 2019.
2. “Low Hemoglobin: Causes & Symptoms.” Cleveland Clinic.

Image Courtesy:

1. “铁蛋白3foldchannel” By Acms116 – Own work(CC BY-SA 4.0)via Commons Wikimedia
2. “Haemoglobin representation” Shriya Pai的作品 - 自己的作品(CC BY-SA 4.0)via Commons Wikimedia