结构和调节基因之间的差异

关键差异 - 结构与调节基因

在遗传的背景下，结构和功能单元是基因。他们由DNA包含用于蛋白质的合成。The size of human genes differs, and ranges from a small number to a large number of base pairs. According to the human genome project, the estimated number of genes that human possess is 20,000 to 25,000 genes. Each and every person has two copies of a gene. These two copies are inherited from the parents (one by each parent). There are two types of genes. Structural genes and regulatory genes.在the context of structural genes, it is a type of gene that encodes for any type ofRNA（除了siRNA和miRNA) and protein that are not regulatory proteins. Regulatory genes are a set of genes that involves the controlling of expression of structural genes.这是关键区别在结构和调节基因之间。

CONTENTS

1。概述和关键差异
2。什么是结构基因
3。什么是调节基因
4。结构和调节基因之间的相似性
5。Side by Side Comparison – Structural vs Regulatory Genes in Tabular Form
6。Summary

什么是结构基因？

A structural gene is a type of gene that codes for a particular protein or RNA. These genes codes for all proteins expect regulatory proteins. Structural gene products contain structural proteins and enzymes. In a typical aspect, these structural genes contain corresponding DNA sequences to a specific sequence ofamino acid这导致一种蛋白质。结构基因确保the produced proteins do not involve in any form of gene regulation. These genes are also encoded by different non-coding RNA such asrRNAandtRNA。调节性miRNA（微RNA）和siRNA（短干扰RNA）未用结构基因编码。

原核结构基因彼此相邻操纵子。操纵子的基因始终执行相关功能。操纵子的形成导致基因表达的调节。操纵子的最常见和最好的例子是紫色操纵子。它由三个结构基因组成，lac z，lac y和Lac A.All these structural genes are regulated by a single operator and a promoter. When determining the genetic-based disease conditions, they could be identified using the investigation of content and the location of these structural genes.

什么是法规基因？

调节基因是一种涉及控制一个或多个其他基因表达的基因。在正常条件下，调节基因由调节序列组成，并且存在于其调节的结构基因的转录起始位点的5'末端。他们还可以在转录起始站点的3'末端具有调节序列。调节序列可以存在于远离转录的开始位点的许多公斤基础。这些调节基因具有编码蛋白质或可以在miRNA背景下用作编码基因的能力。编码具有抑制性作用在操作基因的蛋白质的基因可以描述为调节基因的一个例子。算子基因是一种与不同抑制剂蛋白结合的基因，它抑制了translation过程。

在原核生物，调节基因主要编码抑制剂蛋白。这些抑制剂蛋白与基因的启动子结合，并防止募集和功能RNA聚合酶。This in terms inhibits the transcription process. Some regulatory genes involve in the encoding of activator proteins. These proteins bind to a particular location of a DNA molecule and increase the transcription process.

What are the Similarities Between Structural and Regulatory Genes?

• 结构和调节基因都是蛋白质或RNA的代码。
• 结构和调节基因均由nucleotides。
• 结构和调节基因在生物体中都很重要。

结构和调节基因之间有什么区别？

结构与调节基因
Structural gene is a type of gene that encodes for any type of RNA (except siRNA and miRNA) and protein that are not regulatory proteins.	调节基因是一组涉及结构基因表达的基因。
结构
结构基因是复杂的结构。	调节基因是更简单的结构。
Function
结构基因编码为结构蛋白和酶。	调节基因调节结构基因的转录。

概括 -结构与调节基因

A structural gene is a type of gene that codes for a particular protein or RNA. These genes code for all proteins expect any type of regulatory proteins. Structural gene products contain structural proteins and enzymes. Structural genes ensure the produced proteins does not involve in any form of gene regulation. Regulatory gene is a type of gene that involves the control of expression of one or more genes. In prokaryotes, the regulatory genes mainly encode for repressor proteins. This is the difference between structural and regulatory genes.

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参考：

1.Study.com，study.com。在这里可用
2。“Structural gene.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, inc.在这里可用

图片提供：

1.’trpoperon’by hy Hentine - 自己的工作，（CC BY-SA 3.0）通过下议院维基梅迪亚
2。’Gene structure prokaryote 2 annotated’By Thomas Shafee – Shafee T, Lowe R (2017). “Eukaryotic and prokaryotic gene structure”. WikiJournal of Medicine 4 (1). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2017.002. ISSN 20024436., (CC BY 4.0) via下议院维基梅迪亚