Difference Between Grana and Thylakoid

Key Difference – Grana vs Thylakoid

Plant cells, which areeukaryotic本质上，包含不同的organellesin order to carry out its functions accurately.Chloroplast是植物细胞中的重要细胞器，是涉及执行功能的膜结合细胞器photosynthesisin plants; photosynthesis is the process where plants produce their food and energy by utilizing carbon dioxide, water, solar energy captured by the plant pigment –叶绿素。叶绿体是自我复制的细胞器，并在细胞器中包含不同的隔室，以促进其功能。Grana和类囊体是在叶绿体中发现的两个成分，参与光合作用的光反应。Thylakoids are membrane bound compartments or disks where the light reaction takes place. Grana are the stacks of these thylakoid disks formed inside the chloroplast.这是Grana和类囊体之间的关键区别。

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.什么are Grana
3.什么is Thylakoid
4.Grana和类囊体之间的相似之处
5.Side by Side Comparison – Grana vs Thylakoid in Tabular Form
6.概括

什么are Grana?

Grana（单数 - 花岗岩）是一堆被称为类囊体膜的膜盘，它们分布在stromaof the chloroplast. They are microscopic and can be observed under the light microscope and oval shaped stacks. The grana are connected by lamellae, a membrane that bridges the grana, and also participates in the light reaction process.

Organization of thylakoids into grana increases the surface area for light dependent photosynthesis in plants, thereby increasing the efficiency of the process.

什么是类囊体？

Thylakoids are disk shaped membranous structures which are in the chloroplast stroma and are the main compartments that participate in the light dependent reaction of photosynthesis. They are microscopic and are mainly observed via electron micrography. They contain stores of chlorophyll which capture the solar energy to initiate the light reaction of photosynthesis viaphotosystems I and II.When light strikes these pigments, they split water and release oxygen through the process of photolysis.

The electrons released from this reaction hit the photosystem 2, and are transferred to photosystem 1 via electron carriers. The electrons are further excited and are boosted to higher energy states. The electron carrierNADP+receives the electrons and is reduced toNADPH, creatingATP。

什么are the Similarities Between Grana and Thylakoid?

• Grana和类囊体位于植物细胞的叶绿体基质中。
• Both are microscopic structures.
• Both are membranous structures.
• Both structures contain chlorophylls (plant pigments) for photosynthesis.
• Both structures involved in the light reaction of Photosynthesis

什么is the Difference Between Grana and Thylakoid?

格拉纳vs Thylakoid
格拉纳are the organized stacks of disk shaped membranous structures known as thylakoids located in the stroma and involved in light dependent reactions of photosynthesis.	Thylakoids are the individual membranous disks containing chlorophyll located in the stroma, responsible for light dependent reactions of photosynthesis.
Microscopic Nature
格拉纳can be observed under the light microscope.	Thylakoids can be observed under the electron microscope.
Involvement of Lamelle
Lamellae join the adjacent grana embedded in the stroma.	Lamellae do not join individual adjacent thylakoids.
Surface Area for Photosynthesis
格拉纳increases the surface area for photosynthesis	与堆叠的结构Grana相比，单个类囊体的光合作用过程较小。

概括– Grana vs Thylakoid

光合作用是通过食物链维持生物体能量流的重要过程。这是唯一可以将二氧化碳转化为葡萄糖和能量的独立过程。叶绿体是光合作用的结构部位，阳光被植物转化为食物。该过程以两种主要方式进行：光依赖反应和光无独立或黑暗反应。Grana是类囊体，是叶绿体中涉及光合作用的两个结构。类囊体是叶绿体内部扁平的囊的数量，受到光合作用的光反应的色素膜约束。Grana是基质内部组织的类囊体，以增加表面积以获得光合作用的光合作用。光合作用的光依赖性反应主要发生在类囊体膜中。这是Grana和类囊体之间的差异。

下载PDF版本的Grana vs Yellakoid

You can download PDF version of this article and use it for offline purposes as per citation note. Please download PDF version hereGrana和类囊体之间的差异。

参考：

1. Minami, E, and A Watanabe. “Thylakoid membranes: the translational site of chloroplast DNA-Regulated thylakoid polypeptides.” Archives of biochemistry and biophysics., U.S. National Library of Medicine, Dec. 1984.Available here.Accessed 16 Aug. 2017.
2.“什么是谷物？- 定义和功能。”douch.com，n.p。网络。Available here。Accessed 16 Aug. 2017.
3. “Thylakoids: Definition & Functions.” Study.com, n.p. Web.Available here。Accessed 16 Aug. 2017.

Image Courtesy:

1. “Chloroplast granum diagram” by BlueRidgeKitties（CC由2.0）viaFlickr
2. “OSC Microbio 03 04 Chloroplast” ByCNX OpenStax–(CC BY 4.0)viaCommons Wikimedia