Key Difference – Chitinvs Cellulose
Cellulose and chitin are two structuralpolymersfound in nature. Cellulose is apolysaccharide由线性链制成D-glucosemonomers. Chitin is also an organic compound composed of modified glucose monomers which are derivatives of glucose known as N-acetylglucosamines. Cellulose is the most abundant organic polymer found on Earth. Chitin is second only to cellulose from its abundance on Earth. Thekey differencebetween cellulose and chitin is that纤维素是在原代细胞壁中的重要结构聚合物plant cellswhile chitin is the main structural polymer found in the fungal cell wall.
内容
1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Chitin
3.What is Cellulose
4.Similarities Between Chitin and Cellulose
5.Side by Side Comparison – Chitin vs Cellulose in Tabular Form
6.概括
What is Chitin?
几丁质is a polymer which is composed of modified glucose monomers called N-acetylglucosamines. It is an abundant structural polymer which is second only to cellulose by abundance. Chitin is present on fungal cell walls,外骨骼的节肢动物and insects. The chemical formula of chitin is (C8H13O5N)n. Albert Hofmann determined the structure of chitin in 1929. Chitin is an un-branched structural polysaccharide which contributes to strengthening and protecting organisms.
Figure 01: Chitin Structure
除结构和保护功能外，几丁质还具有其他几个功能。几丁蛋白充当絮凝代理wastewater treatment, acts as a wound healing agent, acts as a thickener and stabilizer for foods and pharmaceuticals, etc. And chitin is also used in dyes, adhesives, sizing and strengthening agents for papers.
什么是纤维素？
纤维素是地球上最丰富的有机聚合物。它是由数百至数千个线性链（非分支）D-葡萄糖单体组成的多糖。它是一种结构性有机化合物。纤维素通常在植物细胞的原发细胞壁中发现，以提供植物的刚性。纤维素是负责植物叶，根和茎的强度和韧性的关键结构化合物。还有藻类and oomycetes, cellulose is found. The chemical formula of the cellulose is (C6H10O5)n. And it was first isolated in 1834 by the French chemist Anselme Payen.
Figure 02: Cellulose Fibers
由于纤维素是一个复杂的聚合物,大多数动物including human cannot digest cellulose. Only草食动物are capable of digestion of cellulose easily due to their special digestive sacs. Cellulose synthase is the enzyme which synthesizes cellulose into plants. Wood, cotton, and paper are rich in cellulose. Cellulose is a major source of fiber in our diet which affects human health. Certain bacteria produce cellulose for the formation of biofilms and cell aggregation.
What are the Similarities Between Chitin and Cellulose?
- 几丁质and cellulose are both made from glucose monomers.
- 两者都是结构性聚合物。
- Both are linear polymers.
- Both are polysaccharides.
- Both are fiber-forming.
- 几丁质and cellulose are insoluble in water.
What is the Difference Between Chitin and Cellulose?
几丁质与纤维素 |
|
| 几丁质is a structural organic polymer made from modified glucose monomers. | Cellulose is a structural organic polymer composed of linear chains of glucose monomers. |
| 化学式 | |
| 几丁质的化学式为C（C8H13O5N)n | The chemical formula of cellulose is (C6H10O5）n。 |
| Type of Polymer | |
| 几丁质是N-乙酰葡萄糖（葡萄糖衍生物）的聚合物。 | Cellulose is a polymer of glucose. |
| Location | |
| 几丁质is found mainly in cell walls of fungi, and also in the exoskeleton of节肢动物和软体动物. | 纤维素主要在植物细胞的细胞壁中发现。 |
| 丰富 | |
| 几丁质is less abundant than celluloses. | 纤维素是地球上最丰富的有机化合物。 |
| Amyl Group | |
| 几丁质has an amyl group as a substitution in the glucose molecule. | Cellulose has a hydroxyl group in the glucose molecule. |
| 氮分子 | |
| 几丁质在其结构中具有氮分子。 | 纤维素在其结构中不包含氮 |
| Hardness and Stabile | |
| 几丁质is hard and stabile than cellulose. | Cellulose is less hard and stabile than chitin. |
概括– Chitinvs Cellulose
几丁质and cellulose are most abundant structural organic polymers found on Earth. Cellulose is the primary compound of the cell walls of the plant cells. Chitin is the primary compound of the cell walls of the fungi and exoskeletons of arthropods. Cellulose is a polymer composed of D-glucose monomers. Chitin is a long polymer of N-acetylglucosamine. Both chitin and cellulose are important for the strength and protection of organisms. Both compounds are insoluble in water. This is the difference between chitin and cellulose.
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参考：
1.Maleki, Samaneh Sadat, et al. “Characterization of Cellulose Synthesis in Plant Cells.” The Scientific World Journal, Hindawi, 25 May 2016.在这里可用
2.“Function of Cellulose in Plants.” Actforlibraries.org.在这里可用
3.“Chitin.” Chitin – New World Encyclopedia.在这里可用
Image Courtesy:
1.’chitin haworth’by Neurotiker - 自己的作品，（公共领域）Commons Wikimedia
2.’Figure 03 02 07’ByCNX OpenStax,(CC BY 4.0)viaCommons Wikimedia
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