这关键区别在凝血酶和凝血酶原之间是凝血酶是一种促进血液的酶凝结by converting纤维蛋白原至纤维蛋白,而凝血酶原是一种糖蛋白,在出血和随后的凝结期间转化为凝血酶。
凝血是形成血块以停止流血的过程。在此过程中,血液从液态状态变为凝胶,防止流血时失血。该过程是导致损坏的血管减少失血,然后进行随后的修复。凝血级联反应最终导致纤维蛋白形成,从而触发血液凝结。不同的凝血因素参与了这一过程。凝血酶和凝血酶原是其中的两个重要成分。
CONTENTS
1。概述和关键差异
2。什么是凝血酶
3。什么是凝血酶原
4。相似之处 - 凝血酶和凝血酶原
5。凝血酶与凝血酶原中的表格形式
6。摘要 - 凝血酶vs凝血酶原
什么是凝血酶?
凝血酶是血液中存在的一种酶,可促进血液凝结。凝血酶将纤维蛋白原转化为纤维蛋白。它是一种丝氨酸蛋白酶,在人类中,它是由F2基因。凝血酶原凝血因子二世proteolytically cleaved to form thrombin in the blood clotting process. Subsequently, thrombin acts as a serine protease that converts soluble fibrinogen into insoluble strands of fibrin. Thrombin also catalyzes many other coagulation-related reactions. Initially, Alexander Schmidt hypothesized the existence of an enzyme that converts fibrinogen into fibrin in 1872.

图01:凝血酶
在血液凝结的级联反应中,凝血酶有助于将因子XI转换为Xia,VIII,VIIIA,V至VA,纤维蛋白原,纤维蛋白,而XIII则将其转换为XIIIA。因子XIIIA是一种转谷氨酰胺酶,可催化纤维蛋白中赖氨酸和谷氨酰胺残基之间共价键的形成。共价键增加了纤维蛋白血块的稳定性。凝血酶还与血栓形成蛋白相互作用。此外,凝血酶通过在血小板的细胞膜上激活蛋白酶激活受体的激活来促进血小板的激活和聚集。凝血酶在许多疾病中起主要作用。它被认为是亚蛛网膜下腔出血后血管痉挛的主要因素。它还在脑缺血和梗塞中起作用,并影响动脉粥样硬化的发作和进展。此外,由于其高蛋白水解特异性,凝血酶是一种有价值的研究工具或生化工具。此外,通过将纤维蛋白原作为肉的结合剂结合使用,用于食品工业中。
什么是凝血酶原?
凝血酶原is a glycoprotein that is converted into thrombin during bleeding and subsequent clotting. Its molecular weight is 72,000 Da. It is an alpha globulin and is present in the plasma at a concentration of 15 μg/ml. It is converted to an active enzyme by the action of tissue thromboplastins. Prothrombin is synthesized by the liver and has a half-life short as 10-12 hours and long as 60 hours. Both the biosynthesis and release of prothrombin require the action of vitamin K. Warfarin blocks prothrombin synthesis at an intermediate step, which can be overcome by the administration of vitamin K. Vitamin K is also required for three other clotting factors, including factors Vii, IX, and X. Moreover, the entire amino acid sequence of prothrombin has already been defined.

图02:凝血酶原
凝血酶原is composed of four domains: N terminal Gla domain, two kringle domains, and a C-terminal trypsin-like serine protease domain. Hypoprothrombinemia, hyperprothrombinemia, and antiphospholipid syndrome are among a few rare diseases involving prothrombin. Furthermore, medically prothrombin complex concentrate and fresh frozen plasma can be used to correct deficiencies of prothrombin and intractable bleeding due to warfarin.
凝血酶和凝血酶原之间有什么相似之处?
- 凝血酶和凝血酶原是凝血级联反应的两个重要成分。
- 这y are proteins present in blood plasma.
- 这两个分子均由F2gene in chromosome 11.
- 这些分子在各种疾病中起主要作用。
凝血酶和凝血酶原有什么区别?
凝血酶是一种酶,通过将纤维蛋白原转化为纤维蛋白来促进血液凝结,而凝血酶原是一种糖蛋白,在出血和随后的凝结过程中被转化为凝血酶。Thus, this is the key difference between thrombin and prothrombin. Furthermore, thrombin contains only the C-terminal trypsin-like serine protease domain, while prothrombin contains four domains, including the N terminal Gla domain, two kringle domains, and a C-terminal trypsin-like serine protease domain.
下面的信息图显示了凝血酶和凝血酶原之间的差异,以相加的比较。
摘要 - 凝血酶vs凝血酶原
凝血酶和凝血酶原是凝血级联反应的两个重要成分。凝血酶是一种酶,通过将纤维蛋白原转化为纤维蛋白来促进血液凝结,而凝血酶原是一种糖蛋白,在出血和随后的凝结过程中被转化为凝血酶。因此,这是凝血酶和凝血酶原之间的关键区别。
参考:
1。“凝血酶。”概述|ScienceDirect主题。
2.“”凝血酶原。”概述|ScienceDirect主题。
图片提供:
1。“2HNT Gamma-Thrombin“ 经过nevit dilmen- 使用CN3D数据源创建的自我创建:(CC BY-SA 3.0)通过Commons Wikimedia
2.“”Human prothrombin mutant 6C2W closed structure“ 经过5-HT2AR – Own work (CC0) via Commons Wikimedia
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