中间人和嗜热剂之间的差异

Key Difference – Mesophiles vs Thermophiles

Bacteriaare a group of microorganisms that thrive in almost all environments. They areprokaryotic organismswith very small单细胞structures. Bacteria can be classified based on different factors such as structure,metabolism, and cell components. Bacteria can be classified into five different classes named Psychrophiles, Psychrotrophs, Mesophiles, Thermophiles, and Hyperthermophiles based on the optimum growth temperature. The key difference between mesophiles and thermophiles is that中间人生活在中等温度下whilethermophiles live in relatively high temperatures.Every microorganism has three cardinal temperatures named minimum, optimum and maximum. The optimum temperature of mesophiles is 37⁰C while the optimum temperature of thermophiles is 50⁰C.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What are Mesophiles
3.What are Thermophiles
4.Side by Side Comparison – Mesophiles vs Thermophiles in Tabular Form
5.概括

What are Mesophiles?

Mesophiles are microorganisms which grow best in moderate temperatures. They cannot live in extreme temperature conditions (excessive coldness or excessive heat). Their temperature range lies between 20⁰C to 45⁰C. The optimum temperature of a mesophile is 37⁰C.

Mesophilic bacteria are considered to be the bestdecomposersin the soil. They are also involved in food contamination and degradation. Most microorganisms found in the human intestine are mesophiles. Normal human body temperature is 37⁰C，这是中介剂生长的最佳温度。因此，嗜嗜微生物是大多数人类细菌感染的原因。

What are Thermophiles?

嗜热剂是在高温下生长最佳的生物。因此，它们也被称为热爱热的生物。他们是一种extremophiles。在恶劣的环境中发现了嗜热剂古细菌和细菌。Thermophilic bacteria are considered as the earliest bacteria on earth. These organisms possess stable structures which can withstand high heat or temperature. They also possess heat stable enzymes. In general, enzymes can’t function at high temperatures since they are heat liable proteins. However, the heat stable enzymes possessed by thermophiles can function at a high temperature. Some of these enzymes are used in分子生物学(eg:Taq polymeraseused inpcr）和洗涤试剂。嗜热剂的膜富含saturated fatty acids。因此，与中间人相比，膜稳定性很高。嗜热剂的DNA也具有提高的稳定性。G-C含量较高。

嗜热的温度范围在45之间⁰C至80⁰C with an optimum temperature of 50⁰C.

b的区别是什么etween Mesophiles and Thermophiles?

中间人与嗜热剂
Mesophiles are microorganisms that live in moderate temperatures.	Thermophiles are microorganisms that live and thrive at relatively high temperatures.
Temperature Range
中介的温度范围为200C to 450C.	嗜热剂的温度范围为450C至800C.
Living Environment
Mesophiles live in cheese, yogurt, beer, wine, human intestine, etc.	Thermophiles live in soil exposed to direct sunlight, volcanic environments, deep-sea thermal vents, hot springs, etc.
Optimum Temperature
The optimum temperature of mesophiles is 370C.	The optimum temperature of thermophiles is 500C
Enzymes
中介具有对热敏感的酶。	Thermophiles possess heat stable enzymes.
Cell Components
Cell components of mesophiles are less stable than thermophiles.	嗜热剂的细胞成分比中介更稳定。
Membrane Stability
Membrane stability is less compared to thermophiles.	Membranes are rich with saturated fatty acids. Hence membrane stability is high in thermophiles.
Examples
Examples of mesophiles areListeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli,Lactobacillus acidophilus,etc.	Examples of thermophiles areThermus aquaticus,Thermococcus litoralis,眉藻、聚球藻属、etc.

概括– Mesophiles vs Thermophiles

中介和嗜热剂是根据温度范围分类的两组微生物。中间人生活在中等温度下。嗜热剂生活在高温下。这是中介和嗜热剂之间的主要区别。人类微生物组主要由中介体组成，因为正常体温是中介体的最佳温度。

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参考：

1.“通过生长温度对微生物进行分类 - 无限的开放教科书。”无限。无限，2016年5月26日。Available here。12 June 2017.
2. “Mesophile.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 10 June 2017. Web.Available here。12 June 2017.

Image Courtesy:

1. “E coli at 10000x, original” By Eric Erbe, digital colorization by Christopher Pooley – released by the Agricultural Research Service (Public Domain) viaCommons Wikimedia
2.”Grand Prismatic Spring” By Jim Peaco, National Park Service (Public Domain) viaCommons Wikimedia