霉菌和酵母之间的差异

Thekey difference霉菌和酵母是之间molds aremulticellularfilamentousfungiwhereas the yeasts are unicellular round or oval fungi.

王国真菌是包括eukaryoticmicroorganisms such as yeasts, molds rusts, smuts,mildews和mushrooms. They are very vital and useful decomposers in the environment that help the recycling of nutrients within the many types of ecosystems. Moreover, fungi are a diverse group of organisms. Some are unicellular round fungi. Many are filamentous fungi.

除了这两种类型外，有些真菌是俱乐部形状的，而有些是粉状的形式。但是，研究不同类型的真菌非常重要，因为有些对我们的健康有害，而有些则引起不同种类的植物和动物疾病。但是并非所有真菌都不好。因此，这个王国中有非常有用的真菌在行业中具有不同的商业应用，尤其是在抗生素生产，粮食生产和次生代谢产物的提取方面。因此，本文针对两种真菌。霉菌和酵母特别差异。一旦下台，您将找到有关霉菌和酵母之间差异的信息。

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What are Molds
3.What are Yeasts
4.Similarities Between Molds vs Yeasts
5.Side by Side Comparison – Molds vs Yeasts in Tabular Form
6。概括

What are Molds?

Molds characteristically possess a multicellular filamentous mycelium called hyphae.Hyphae可以有隔室。基于此，有些真菌是隔离的霉菌，而另一些是无菌霉菌。它们是一种真菌，包括各种重要真菌，例如Aspergillus和Penicillium. They reproduce mainly through spores asexually, but sometimes they reproduce sexually as well. A network of these molds such as the hyphae forming tubular branches comprises the same genetic information and hence, it is believed as a single organism.

In food, molds grow giving a fuzzy appearance causing deterioration and discolouration. They cause biodegradation of natural materials while playing an important part in biotechnology. Molds become hazardous causing allergic reactions and respiratory problems if you inhale a high dose of spores of molds. In addition, some molds help with food production especially during the preparation of fermenting foods. Also, molds have immense use in medicine preparation such as antibiotics and extraction of organic acids.

什么是酵母？

酵母是如果ngle-celled fungi that reproduce asexually by budding or by binary fission with over 1500 species described so far. We encounter them commonly in the ocean, soil and on plant surfaces. Yeasts are popular in food and beverage production, especially in the production of beer and other alcoholic beverages such as Japanese sake. The most commonly used yeast species is theSaccharomyces cerevisiaethat converts carbohydrates to carbon dioxide and alcohol. The most common use of yeast, however, would be for bread as a leavening agent.

Apart from the use of yeasts in food and beverage production, some yeasts are pathogenic.Candida是酵母菌属于酵母菌的一种引起疾病的真菌之一。但是，它们只会影响免疫系统受损的人。

What are the Similarities Between Molds and Yeasts?

• Molds and yeasts are fungi.
• 此外，它们既是真核生物又是腐生物。
• Also, they are important decomposers in the soil.
• Moreover, they share a similar cell structure.
• 此外，它们的细胞壁含有几丁质作为主要化合物。
• Both molds and yeasts are opportunistic pathogens in immune compromised people.

霉菌和酵母有什么区别？

Molds and yeasts are two groups of fungi that share similarities as well as differences. Molds are multicellular microorganisms with some being colourful. They become pathogenic when consumed. Moreover, they cause a myriad of health issues such as allergic reactions and respiratory problems as a result of inhaling their spores. On the other hand, yeasts are unicellular, colourless, round or oval-shaped fungi. Typically, yeasts are harmless. But, they still spoil food, usually those with low pH levels and those with high sugar content, and could cause harm to people with weak immune systems. Therefore, the major difference between molds and yeasts is the cellular structure. Molds are multicellular filamentous fungi while the yeasts are single-celled round fungi.

Furthermore, another difference between molds and yeasts is that yeasts do not form hyphae, unlike molds. The below infographic provides further information on the difference between molds and yeasts.

概括– Molds vs Yeasts

王国真菌包括真核微生物，例如霉菌，铁锈，酵母，蘑菇等。在不同的真菌，模具和酵母中，在商业上很重要。霉菌是形成菌丝的真菌之类的多细胞线。另一方面，酵母是具有圆形或椭圆形形状的单细胞真菌。因此，这是霉菌和酵母之间的主要区别。此外，霉菌通过无性和性繁殖方法繁殖，而酵母主要通过诸如萌芽和二进制裂变之类的无性方法繁殖。

Reference:

1.“Yeast.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 25 Oct. 2018.Available here
2.Editors. “Fungi – Definition, Types, Examples, Characteristics & Reproduction.” Biology Dictionary, Biology Dictionary, 28 Apr. 2017.Available here

Image Courtesy:

1.“发霉的克莱门汀”，作者：notfromutrecht - 自己的工作，(CC BY-SA 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia
2. Masur - 自己的作品，（公共领域）通过Commons Wikimedia