kupffer细胞和肝细胞之间的差异

关键维ifference – KupfferCells vs Hepatocytes

Theliver是我们体内的主要器官之一，位于腹部的右侧，并由肋骨笼子保护。它与pancreas和intestinesto digest, absorb and process foods that we consume. The main function of the liver is the过滤of blood coming from the digestive tract, before sending it to the other parts of the body. Apart from that, liver functions in the detoxification of chemicals, metabolism of drugs, and synthesis ofproteins这对于血液很重要coagulation和胆汁的分泌。肝脏由四种主要细胞类型组成，例如肝细胞，kupffer细胞，星状（星形）脂肪储存细胞和肝脏endothelial cells。Kupffer cells are specialized stellate巨噬细胞which function in the liver to remove ingested bacterial pathogens that enter from the gut to the blood. Hepatocytes are the majority of the liver cells which make up about 80% of the cells in the liver and they secrete bile。This is thekey differencebetween Kupffer cells and Hepatocytes.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.什么是kupffer细胞
3.什么是肝细胞
4.Similarities Between Kupffer Cells and Hepatocytes
5.Side by Side Comparison – Kupffer Cells vs Hepatocytes in Tabular Form
6。概括

What are Kupffer cells?

kupffer细胞是一种肝细胞，是散布在肝脏正弦内皮中的专门巨噬细胞。它们是星形细胞。Kupffer细胞的主要功能是去除摄入的细菌pathogensthat had entered into the portal blood from the gut. Kupffer cells are able tophagocytize病原体从门户或动脉循环中进入。以及库普弗细胞在自适应免疫中充当抗原呈递细胞。这些细胞分泌趋化因子和细胞因子which help in inflammatory reactions. And also kupffer cells are involved in removing old or aged erythrocytes from thesystemic circulation并释放血红素组以重复使用。Kupffer细胞充当肝损伤和肝修复的关键介质。

The malfunctioning or the changes in the kupffer cell functions can cause drug-induced liver injury and toxin-inducedfibrosiswhich may lead tochronic inflammationin the liver, including alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases. Therapeutic manipulation of kupffer cells can promote the resolution of inflammation and enhance wound healing of liver diseases.

什么是肝细胞?

肝细胞是一种驻留在肝脏中的实质细胞。它们是肝脏中最丰富的细胞，占肝细胞的80％。肝细胞是具有大圆形核的大型多面体细胞。肝细胞负责肝脏的多个功能。它们是在我们体内代谢，解毒和蛋白质合成中起关键作用的细胞。他们还通过合成先天免疫蛋白来激活我们体内的先天免疫力，以抗入侵病原体。肝细胞产生蛋白酶抑制剂，包括抗胰蛋白酶，抗促胰蛋白酶，α1-半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂（硫代表）和α2-巨球蛋白破坏proteasessecreted by pathogens or dead or dying cells and support for activating innate immunity system. Moreover, hepatocytes produce several chemokines to activate innate immune cells.

Fibrinogenis the key factor which is responsible for blood coagulation. Fibrinogen is mainly produced by hepatocytes in the liver and also by the serum白蛋白, prothrombin group clotting factors are produced by hepatocytes. Another main function of hepatocytes is detoxification of exogenous and endogenous compounds. Drugs, insecticides, alcohols, ammonia, and类固醇are metabolized and detoxified by hepatocytes. As a result of detoxification of ammonia, ammonia is converted into urea for excretion. Hepatocytes are the main cells that synthesizelipoproteins, ceruloplasmin, transferrin, complement, andglycoproteins。这些细胞参与血液中胆固醇水平的调节和我们体内胆汁的分泌。肝细胞还显示了一些抗炎功能。

Malfunctioning of hepatocytes may cause acute liver failure and chronic liver failure. The liver is an attractive organ for gene therapy since the hepatocytes possess the machinery to express therapeutic genes which facilitate the production of the bioartificial liver to support patients with liver failure.

Kupffer细胞和肝细胞之间有什么相似之处？

• 两种类型的细胞都是支持肝功能的肝细胞。
• Both cells function as cells supporting ourimmunity system。
• 两种细胞分泌趋化因子。
• 两个细胞都参与炎症。

What is the Difference Between Kupffer Cells and Hepatocytes?

Kupffer Cells vs Hepatocytes
Kupffer cells are the specialized macrophage cells in the liver.	肝细胞是肝脏中的甲状腺肿细胞。
Shape
kupffer细胞是星形（星状）。	Hepatocytes are polygonal in shape.
功能
库普弗细胞在清除摄入的细菌病原体的血液方面起着重要作用。	Hepatocytes play a major role in detoxification, protein synthesis, innate immunity and bile secretion.
Abundance
Kupffer cells are the most abundant macrophages in our body.	Hepatocytes are the most abundant parenchymal cells in our liver.

概括– KupfferCells vsHepatocytes

kupffer细胞和肝细胞是涉及肝功能的两种类型的肝细胞。肝细胞是人肝脏中最丰富的细胞类型，在肝脏的多种功能中起关键作用，例如排毒，蛋白质合成，药物和脂质代谢，先天免疫系统和血液凝结。Kupffer细胞是肝脏中的专门星状巨噬细胞，可从肠道中清除摄入的细菌病原体的血液。这是库普弗细胞和肝细胞之间的差异。

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Reference:

1.Dixon, Laura J., et al. “Kupffer Cells in the Liver.”Comprehensive Physiology, U.S. National Library of Medicine, Apr. 2013,Available here
2.“肝细胞。”肝细胞 - 胃肠病学百科全书。Available here
3.Gao，Bin等。“肝细胞：先天免疫的关键细胞类型。”《自然新闻》，自然出版集团，2015年12月21日。Available here

Image Courtesy:

1.’kupffer细胞高杂草裁剪nephron - 自己的作品，(CC BY-SA 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia
2.’Ground glass hepatocytes high mag 2’By Nephron – Own work,(CC BY-SA 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia