Difference Between Immunocytochemistry and Immunohistochemistry

Key Difference – Immunocytochemistry vs Immunohistochemistry

免疫细胞化学(ICC) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) are two widely used techniques in molecular diagnostics, which identifies and confirms the occurrence of both noncommunicable diseases and communicable diseases based on the molecular markers present on cells. The key difference immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry is the molecule that is used as the analysis procedure in these techniques.在ICC中primary和secondary antibodiesconjugated with markers such as fluorescence are used whereas IHC,单克隆和多克隆抗体are used for the diagnostic determinations.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Immunocytochemistry
3.What is Immunohistochemistry
4.免疫细胞化学与免疫组织化学之间的相似性
5.并排比较 - 以表格形式进行免疫细胞化学与免疫组织化学
6。概括

什么是免疫细胞化学（ICC）？

ICC uses primary and secondary antibodies bound to markers such as fluorescent markers orenzymes并且是一种强大的检测方法抗原存在于靶细胞上，可以是传染性细胞颗粒或癌变tumorcells. Three types of controls are required for immunocytochemistry.

• 主抗体 - 对照显示的一抗与抗原结合的特异性
• 二级抗体 - 对照表明标记特定于初级抗体
• Label Controls – show the labeling is the result of the label added and not the result of endogenous labeling.

主要的抗体对照是针对每种新抗体的特异性特异性，并且不能重复每个实验。二级抗体对照是根据实验中使用的主要抗体设计的，并包含在每个实验中。如果更改过程的条件，更改样本或发现意外的标签时，则包括标记控制。

ICC的两个主要应用是无线电免疫 - 测定（RIA）和酶连接的免疫吸附测定（Elisa). The most common antibody used is the免疫球蛋白G.

What is Immunohistochemistry (IHC)?

In Immunohistochemistry, the source sample contains monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies in order to determine the presence of antigens in foreign cells. This technique is based on the specific reaction of antigen-antibody binding. The antibodies used in detection can be tagged with different markers; they can be fluorescence markers, radiolabeled markers or chemical markers. Through facilitating体外binding between the antigen and the targeted antibody, the presence or the absence of a particular protein of a cell can be determined.

Currently, scientists are involved in developing target antibodies for specific antigens present in cells that can either develop as malignant tumor cells or antigens present in infectious agents such asHIV.

What are the Similarities Between Immunocytochemistry and Immunohistochemistry?

• 反应在ICC和IHC中是高度特异性和准确的。
• The applications of ICC and IHC include cancer and infectious diseases diagnostics.
• 应在两种情况下保持无菌条件，应在体外
• 两种技术都提供了可再现的结果。
• Both are rapid.
• 无线电标记，荧光技术在ICC和IHC中均用作检测方法。
• 两者都基于抗原抗体配对。

免疫细胞化学和免疫组织化学有什么区别？

免疫细胞化学（ICC）与免疫组织化学（IHC）
ICC使用二抗和二抗结合标记，例如荧光标记或酶，是一种强大的检测方法来检测靶细胞上存在的抗原。	IHC是一种使用单克隆和多克隆抗体来确定存在于细胞表面上的特殊蛋白质标记的抗原的方法。
样本源
Samples derived from tissues that have been histologically processed into thin sections are used in ICC.	IHC使用由单层生长的细胞组成的样品或沉积在载玻片上的悬浮液中的细胞。
样品处理
在ICC中，应渗透细胞以促进抗体渗透到细胞内靶标。	In IHC, cells are formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded before staining.

摘要 - 免疫细胞化学与免疫组织化学

Molecular diagnostics is used to identify and confirm the occurrence of both noncommunicable diseases and communicable diseases based on the molecular markers present on cells. Molecular markers can be proteins or sequences of DNA or RNA; development of technologies such as ICC and IHC have paved the way for scientists to identify the disease and its cause at an early stage. Both ICC and IHC depends on the specific reactions between antibody and antigen although the sample source. The main difference between immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry is the sample processing of the two procedures.

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参考：

1.巴里,理查德·w·Immunocytochemi”控制stry: An Update.” Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, SAGE Publications, Jan. 2011,Available here. Accessed 24 Aug. 2017.
2. Duraiyan，Jeyapradha等。“免疫组织化学的应用。”药学与生物学杂志，MED KNOWES PUBLICATIONS和MEDIA PVT LTD，2012年8月，Available here. Accessed 24 Aug. 2017.

Image Courtesy:

1.“Immunohistochemistry” By Swharden – Own work(CC BY-SA 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia
2. Nephron的“肾脏CD10 IHC” - 自己的工作(CC BY-SA 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia