Difference Between Denaturation and Renaturation of Protein

Thekey differencebetween denaturation and renaturation of protein is that变性是蛋白质的天然3D结构的丧失，而肾脏是变性蛋白转化为其天然3D结构的转化。

Proteins are one of the essential大分子present in living organisms. Important molecules such as enzymes, structural components and antibodies, etc. are proteins. In fact, proteins are an essential macronutrient. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. An amino acid sequence or apolypeptidechain forms interactions and folds into its quaternary structure or tertiary structure or secondary structure which is biologically active.

Once a protein attains its 3D structure, it becomes functional. Some factors can unfold or uncoil proteins. Therefore, denaturation is the process by which a protein loses its native 3D structure. Due to denaturation, proteins become biologically inactive. In contrast, renaturation is the process by which a denatured protein can be converted into its original 3D structure.

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Denaturation of Protein
3.什么是蛋白质的更新
4.Similarities Between Denaturation and Renaturation of Protein
5.Side by Side Comparison – Denaturation vs Renaturation of Protein in Tabular Form
6.概括

什么是蛋白质变性？

变性是蛋白质失去其第四纪结构，第三结构或二级结构的过程，使其具有生物学活性。在变性过程中，持有蛋白质分子3D结构的力被破坏。结果，蛋白质分子失去其自然特性及其生物学活性。蛋白质由于蛋白质折叠而变得活跃。变性导致多肽链的展开，导致蛋白质的3D结构混乱。一旦他们失去了3D结构，它们就会在功能上无效或无功能。

Difference Between Denaturation and Renaturation of Protein

Figure 01: Denaturation of Protein

Denaturation of proteins can be achieved by applying some external stress or compound such as a strong acid or base, a concentrated inorganic salt, an organic solvent, radiation or heat, etc. Cells die when the proteins of a cell are denatured. Most importantly, when a protein is denatured, it cannot fulfil its function. For example, when enzymes are denatured, they cannot catalyze biochemical reactions. They also show a loss of solubility to protein aggregation.

什么是蛋白质的更新?

蛋白质的恢复性是变性蛋白回到其天然3D结构中的转化。因此，它涉及蛋白质分子失去其原始结构后的重建。恢复是变性的反向过程。恢复有时是可逆的。但是，重新饱和并不常见且容易作为变性。重新定性蛋白质的一种方法是去除SDS并在页面或IEF蛋白识别期间变性后的定性剂。当生理条件放回后，可能会发生蛋白质折叠并恢复其原始的3D构象。

What are the Similarities Between Denaturation and Renaturation of Protein?

恢复是变性的反向过程。
变性破坏了3 dstructure while renaturation restores the 3D structure.

What is the Difference Between Denaturation and Renaturation of Protein?

Denaturation is the process of a protein losing its quaternary structure, tertiary structure or secondary structure, which makes it biologically active. On the other hand, renaturation is the conversion of a denatured protein into its native 3D structure. So, this is the key difference between denaturation and renaturation of protein.

此外，变性会导致蛋白质的生物学功能丧失，而肾脏又可以恢复蛋白质的功能能力。

Below infographic shows more differences between denaturation and renaturation of protein.

概括– Denaturation vs Renaturation of Protein

Denaturation and renaturation are two processes related mainly to proteins and nucleic acids. Due to denaturation, proteins lose their functional and biologically active 3D structure. In contrast, due to renaturation, a denatured protein gets its native 3D structure back. Thus, this is the key difference between denaturation and renaturation of protein.

Reference:

1. Koshland, Daniel E., and Felix Haurowitz. “Protein Denaturation.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 20 Aug. 2020,Available here.
2.“变性（生物化学）。”维基百科，维基梅迪亚基金会，2020年8月29日，Available here.