Difference Between CML and CLL

Key Difference – CML vs CLL

Leukemiacan be described in lay terms as themalignanciesof blood. However, in reality, the origin of leukemia happens in thebone marrowswhere the precursor stem cells that produce various blood cells lie. CML (Chronic Myeloid Leukemia) and CLL (Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia) are two such varieties of leukemia that occur due to abnormalities in thestem cellsin the bone marrows. CML is a member of the family of myeloproliferative neoplasms whereas CLL is the commonest type of leukemia whose pathological basis is the clonal expansion ofB cells.In CML, the malignant cells aregranulocytesor myelocytes while in CLL,lymphocytesare the blood cells that have the malignant features.This is the key difference between CML and CLL.

CONTENTS

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.什么是CML(慢性骨髓性白血病)
3.我s CLL (Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia)
4.Similarity Between CML and CLL
5.Side by Side Comparison – CML vs CLL in Tabular Form
6.Summary

我s CML?

CML(Chronic Myeloid Leukemia)is a member of the family of myeloproliferative neoplasms which occurs exclusively in adults. It is defined by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome and has a more slowly progressive course thanacute leukemia.

Clinical Features

• Symptomatic anemia
• Abdominal discomfort
• Weight loss
• Headache
• Bruising and bleeding
• Lymphadenopathy

Investigations

• Blood counts –Hemoglobinis low or normal. Platelets are low, normal or raised. WBC count is elevated.
• Presence of mature myeloid precursors in blood film
• Increased cellularity with increased myeloid precursors in bone marrow aspirate.

Management

First line drug in the treatment of CML is Imatinib(Glivec), which is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Second line treatments include chemotherapy with hydroxyurea, alpha interferon, and allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

我s CLL?

CLL(Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia)is the commonest form of leukemia, and it often occurs in elderly people. The clonal expansion of small B lymphocytes is the pathological basis of this condition.

Clinical Features

• Asymptomatic lymphocytosis
• Lymphadenopathy
• Marrow failure
• Hepatosplenomegaly
• B-symptoms

Investigations

• Very high white blood cell levels can be seen in blood counts
• Smudge cells can be seen in blood film

Management

Treatment is given to troublesome organomegaly, hemolytic episodes, and bone marrow suppression. Rituximab in combination with Fludarabine and cyclophosphamide show a dramatic response rate.

我s the Similarity Between CML and CLL?

• Both CML and CLL are malignancies with a slow rate of spread.

CML和慢性淋巴细胞白血病的区别是什么?

CML vs CLL
CML是a member of the family of myeloproliferative neoplasms which exclusively occur in adults. It is defined by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome.	CLL is the commonest form of leukemia, and it occurs in elderly people most of the time. The clonal expansion of small B lymphocytes is the pathological basis of this condition.
Cancerous Cells
Granulocytes are the cancerous cells.	Lymphocytes are the cancerous cells.
Clinical Features
Clinical features of CML are, · Symptomatic anemia · Abdominal discomfort · Weight loss · Headache · Bruising and bleeding · Lymphadenopathy	Clinical features of CLL are, · Asymptomatic lymphocytosis · Lymphadenopathy · Marrow failure · Hepatosplenomegaly · B-symptoms
Diagnosis
· Hemoglobin is low or normal. · Platelets are low, normal or raised. WBC count is elevated. · Mature myeloid precursors are present in blood films. · Increased cellularity with increased myeloid precursors in bone marrow aspirate.	Very high white blood cell levels can be seen in blood counts. Smudge cells can be observed in blood films.
Management
Treatment is given to troublesome organomegaly, hemolytic episodes, and bone marrow suppression. Rituximab in combination with Fludarabine and cyclophosphamide show a dramatic response rate.	First line drug in the treatment of CML is Imatinib (Glivec), which is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Second line treatments include chemotherapy with hydroxyurea, alpha interferon, and allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

Summary – CML vs CLL

CML or Chronic Myeloid Leukemia is one variety of leukemia that is most often seen among adults. On the other hand, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is another variety of leukemia whose pathological basis is the abnormalities in the clonal expansion of B lymphocytes. The main difference between CML and CLL is that in CML, granulocytes are the malignant cells but lymphocytes are the malignant cells in CLL.

Download PDF Version of CML vs CLL

You can download PDF version of this article and use it for offline purposes as per citation note. Please download PDF version hereDifference Between CML and CLL

References:

1. Kumar, Parveen J., and Michael L. Clark. Kumar & Clark clinical medicine. Edinburgh: W.B. Saunders, 2009. Print.

Image Courtesy:

1. “Schematic of the Philadelphia Chromosome” By Aryn89 – Own work(CC BY-SA 4.0)viaCommons Wikimedia
2. “Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia” By Ed Uthman – originally posted to Flickr as Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia,(CC BY-SA 2.0)viaCommons Wikimedia