红色和黄骨髓之间的差异

Thekey differencebetween red and yellow bone marrow is that红骨髓负责创建新的血细胞every minute in our body while the yellow bone marrow is responsible for the fat storage。

Bone marrow occupies in the spaces between the trabeculae of bones and generally consists of several elements, including血管，神经，单核吞噬细胞,stem cells, blood cells at different stages of maturation and fat. It is the fourth biggest organ system of the human body when compared to its body weight. Accordingly, the main role of bone marrow is to provide red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, based on the body’s requirements. Apart from that, it also acts as fat reserves in the body. In adult humans, active bone marrow is present in the pelvic bones, vertebrae, cranium and mandible, sternum and ribs, and proximal ends of thehumerus and femur。根据组成，有两种类型的骨髓。黄骨髓和红色骨髓。本文的目的是讨论红色骨髓和黄色骨髓之间的差异。

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Red Bone Marrow
3.What is Yellow Bone Marrow
4。红色和黄骨髓之间的相似之处
5。并排比较 - 表格形式的红色与黄色骨髓
6。概括

What is Red Bone Marrow?

Red marrow composes a delicate, highly vascular, fibrous tissue containing hematopoietic stem cells. These stem cells produce the cellular components including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets to meet the requirements for oxygenation, coagulation and immunity in organisms. Red bone marrow also contributes to the destruction of old red blood cells in the body. At birth, only red marrow is present in the body.

However, with birth, conversion of the red marrow to yellow marrow begins immediately, and it progresses from the peripheral to the central parts of the skeleton. In higher vertebrates such as mammals, blood formation in adults takes place mainly in the red bone marrow. But in lower vertebrates, some other organs such as liver and spleen may also produce blood cells.

What is Yellow Bone Marrow?

黄骨髓含有更多的脂肪（80％），并且在造血上不活跃。它在长骨的中部的髓质腔和空心内部中发现。黄骨髓主要用作脂肪的储存位点，在某些条件下，例如严重失血或发烧，可能会转化为红骨髓。

Normally these fat cells are the last resorts for body’s energy requirements and can be used in the event of extreme hunger. But, its main function is the conversion into red marrow upon any requirement by the body. The yellow marrow can convert itself within 1 to 2 hours to take over the role of red marrow.

红色骨髓和黄色骨髓之间有什么相似之处？

• 两种类型的骨髓都富含血管和毛细血管。
• Also, both contain two types of stem cells; mesenchymal and hematopoietic stem cells.

红色骨髓和黄色骨髓有什么区别？

The key difference between red and yellow bone marrow depends on the main function of each bone marrow. Red bone marrow creates new blood cells while yellow bone marrow stores fat. Furthermore, red bone marrow contains 40% water, 40% fat, and 20% proteins and is highly vascularized. In contrast, yellow bone marrow contains 15% water, 80% fat, and 5% protein and is poorly vascularized. Thus, it is another difference between red and yellow bone marrow.

Moreover, in adults, the peripheral skeleton contains yellow bone marrow, whereas red bone marrow is confined to the spine, the ribs, proximal femur and humerus and the skull. Hence, it is also a difference between red and yellow bone marrow. One more significant difference between red and yellow bone marrow is that the red bone marrow is composed of leucocytes and platelet precursors and is haematopoietically active, whereas yellow bone marrow is haematopoietically inactive. Besides, the amount of red marrow continues to decrease while the amount of yellow marrow continues to increase throughout the lifetime. Therefore, we can consider this also as a difference between red and yellow bone marrow.

摘要 - 红色与黄色骨髓

There are two types of bone marrow namely red bone marrow and yellow bone marrow. Red bone marrow contains hematopoietic stem cells and is responsible for the formation of new blood cells such as red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. On the other hand, yellow bone marrow contains mesenchymal stem cells and is responsible mainly for fat storage. Furthermore, red bone marrow is a highly vascularized tissue while yellow bone marrow is poorly vascularized. Also, the amount of red bone marrow decreases with ageing while the amount of yellow bone marrow increases with ageing. Thus, this summarizes the difference between red and yellow bone marrow.

Reference:

1.尼科尔斯，汉娜。“骨髓：功能，疾病，移植和捐赠。”今日医学新闻，2017年12月15日，《墨西哥国际》。Available here

Image Courtesy:

1.“619”红色和黄色骨髓OpenStax科尔ege – Anatomy & Physiology,连接网站。2013年6月19日。(CC BY 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia
2.”603 Anatomy of Long Bone”By OpenStax College – Anatomy & Physiology,Connexions Web site。2013年6月19日。(CC BY 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia