Thekey differencebetween mannitol and laminarinis that mannitol is a sugar alcohol present in棕色藻类, while laminarin is a linear polysaccharide of mannitol containing β-1,3-linked glucose present in brown algae.
Brown algae belong to classPhaeophyceae。They are a large group of multicellular algae. Brown algae include manyseaweedsthat are located in colder waters within in Northern Hemisphere. Most brown algae live in the marine environment and play a pivotal role as a food and as potential habitat. Brown algae such as fucus are found in intertidal zones of rocky seashores. They store food in the form of mannitol, laminarin and oil. Mannitol and laminarin are two reserve carbohydrates found in brown algae.
CONTENTS
1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Mannitol
3.What is Laminarin
4.相似之处 - 甘露醇和椎板林
5.Mannitol vs Laminarin in Tabular Form
6.摘要 - 甘露醇与椎板林
What is Mannitol?
甘露醇是棕色藻类中存在的甘露糖的一种糖酒。甘露醇的发现是由约瑟夫·路易斯·普鲁斯特(Joseph Louis Proust)于1806年进行的。它可以通过减少过程源自糖甘露糖。甘露醇可以直接从天然产物中提取,而不是化学或生物合成。在中国,海藻是甘露醇提取的主要来源。这是甘露醇生产的最常见方法。通常,甘露醇是一种用作甜味剂和药物的糖酒。肠道吸收甘露醇很差。因此,它可以用作甜味剂。作为一种药物,它可以像青光眼一样降低眼睛的压力。甘露醇还可以降低颅内压。 In the medical environment, mannitol can be injected into the body. The effects begin typically within 15 minutes and last up to 8 hours. However, mannitol has common side effects when used as a medication. These side effects include electrolyte problems and dehydration. Other serious side effects are worsening heart failure and problems in the kidney.
Moreover, it is on the list of essential medicines of the World Health Organization. In addition, mannitol is also on the list of banned drugs of the World Anti-Doping Agency. This is due to concerns that mannitol may mask other drugs.
What is Laminarin?
Laminarin is a linear polysaccharide of mannitol containing β-1,3-linked glucose present in brown algae. Laminarin is a storage glucan commonly found in brown algae. It is a carbohydrate food reserve, especially in diatom. It is used in the same way as chrysolaminarin. Chrysolaminarin is a food reserve in phytoplankton. Brown algae produce laminarin through the photosynthesis process.
Laminarin has β (1-3) glucan with β (1-6) branches. It is a linear polysaccharide with β (1-3):β (1-6) ratio of 3:1. Laminarin also contains 2-3% of D mannitol at some reducing termini. Furthermore, it has been measured that the annual production of algae laminarin accounts for 4 to 20 gigatons. Laminarin is used in biomedical setups to treat diseases that are associated with the blood vessels in the heart. It can also inhibit the growth ofE. coli,Listeria monocytogenes,Staphylococcus aureus, andSalmonella typhimurium。在农业设置中,多年来,它已被用作预览的农药。
What are the Similarities Between Mannitol and Laminarin?
- 甘露醇和椎板林是两种储备碳水化合物。
- Both can be extracted from brown algae.
- They are industrially very useful.
- 两者都是复杂的碳水化合物作为食物。
甘露醇和椎板林有什么区别?
Mannitol is a sugar alcohol form of mannose, while laminarin is a linear polysaccharide of mannitol containing β-1,3-linked glucose. So, this is the key difference between mannitol and laminarin. Furthermore, mannitol is produced through the reduction of mannose, while laminarin is produced through photosynthesis.
The below infographic lists the differences between mannitol and laminarin in tabular form for side by side comparison.
摘要 - 甘露醇与椎板林
Mannitol and laminarin are reserve foods of brown algae. Mannitol is a sugar alcohol form of mannose. Laminarin is a linear polysaccharide of mannitol containing β-1,3-linked glucose. Thus, this is the key difference between mannitol and laminarin.
Reference:
1. Shawkat,Hany等。“Mannitol: A Review of Its Clinical Uses。” OUP Academic, Oxford University Press, 12 Jan. 2012.
2. “Laminarin。” An Overview | ScienceDirect Topics.
Image Courtesy:
1. “Mannitol-3D-balls” By KaiserDog21 – Own work(CC BY-SA 4.0)via Commons Wikimedia
2. “化学结构的层链素一部分V1” By Jü – Own work(CC BY-SA 4.0)via Commons Wikimedia
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