Thekey differencebetween DNA profiling and genetic screening是DNA分析是确定个体DNA特征的过程,而遗传筛查是测试遗传疾病人群的过程。
基因测试研究DNA序列,以鉴定导致或增加的基因变异genetic disorders. DNA tests also help to identify a particular individual. Gene tests analyze an individual’s nucleotide sequence, genes, or DNA, which is known as thegenome. DNA profiling, also known as DNA fingerprinting, analyzes the specific DNA pattern of an individual. Genetic screening tests a population for a particular genetic disease.
内容
1.Overview and Key Difference
2.世界卫生大会t is DNA Profiling
3.世界卫生大会t is Genetic Screening
4.相似性 - DNA分析与基因筛查
5.DNA Profiling vs Genetic Screening in Tabular Form
6.摘要 - DNA分析与基因筛查
世界卫生大会t is DNA Profiling?
DNA profiling is a process where a specific DNA pattern is analyzed in an individual by taking a sample of tissue. It is a forensic technique to determine the DNA characteristics of an individual. DNA profiling also aids in paternity testing, genealogical and medical research, and in establishing immigration eligibility.
There are several techniques in DNA profiling processes. They are DNA extraction, restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) analysis,polymerase chain reaction (PCR)analysis, short tandem repeats (STR) analysis, Y-chromosome analysis, and mitochondrial analysis. DNA extraction is where DNA is extracted using a blood or saliva sample and purified. Here, the cell and nuclear membranes should be broken down to allow DNA to be free in solution. DNA remains in the sample once the solution is discarded or removed in this process. RFFLP analysis exploits variations in homologous DNA sequences, which are known as polymorphisms. They distinguish individuals or species or locate the genes within a DNA sequence.
PCR分析有助于制作许多特定DNA样品的副本,从而使小的DNA样品扩大到更大的序列以详细研究。Str是包含相同核苷酸序列重复序列的非编码DNA的区域。它们在一个人的DNA的不同地方或遗传基因座。这些遗传基因座通常在染色体上有所不同。因此,它有助于识别从人到人的特定DNA样本。Y染色体分析提供了有关男性遗传史的信息。线粒体分析是线粒体DNA有助于确定特定人的遗传信息的地方。
什么是遗传筛查?
Genetic screening is the process of testing a population for a genetic disease in order to determine a group of people who have the disease or the potential to carry it further to the offspring. It is a type of genetic testing that helps to identify changes in genetic material such as chromosomes, genes, or proteins. Some genes become altered to increase the risk of developing certain diseases. Genetic screening helps to identify these gene alterations in an individual to determine any risk and provide preventive measures and treatment.
基因筛查是两种类型的,它们是载体筛查和产前筛查。载体筛查通常发现与有限数量的疾病和疾病有关的基因改变。使用载体筛查检测它们的常见疾病是囊性纤维化,脆弱的X综合征,镰状细胞贫血和Tay-Sachs病。产前遗传筛查不是完全准确的。但是,准确性率取决于测试的测试。这些筛查测试涉及血液测试,超声检查和DNA测试,通常在妊娠的第一或妊娠中期进行。Downs综合征,Edwards的综合征,大脑或神经管缺陷是一些产前遗传筛查检测的疾病。
世界卫生大会t are the Similarities Between DNA profiling and Genetic Screening?
- Gene, chromosomal and protein tests are involved in DNA profiling and genetic screening.
- Both processes require samples such as blood, skin, hair, bone, and nails from an individual.
- They involve multiple molecular biological techniques.
世界卫生大会t is the Difference Between DNA Profiling and Genetic Screening?
DNA分析是确定个体DNA特征的过程,而遗传筛查是测试遗传疾病人群的过程。因此,这是DNA分析和遗传筛查之间的关键区别。此外,DNA分析使用个体样品决定了DNA特性,而在遗传筛选中,分析了人群DNA的特征。
The below infographic presents the differences between DNA profiling and genetic screening in tabular form for side by side comparison.
摘要 - DNA分析与基因筛查
DNA分析和遗传筛选是两种分子技术。DNA分析是确定个体的DNA特征以分析人的独特DNA模式的过程。相反,遗传筛查是测试遗传疾病人群的过程。DNA分析主要是一种法医技术,用于确认法医研究的犯罪分子。基因筛查用于确定一群患有该疾病的人或将其进一步延伸到后代的潜力。因此,这总结了DNA分析和遗传筛查之间的差异。
Reference:
1.“”DNA Profiling。”科学学习中心。
2. “Genetic Screening.”Osmosis.
Image Courtesy:
1.“”DNA Profiling – RFLP Analysis” phoenix_src - 自己的工作(CC BY-SA 4.0)via Commons Wikimedia
2. “DE cycle” By Thomas Shafee – Thomas, Shafee, (2014). “Evolvability of a viral protease: experimental evolution of catalysis, robustness and specificity”. PhD Thesis. University of Cambridge.(CC BY 4.0)via Commons Wikimedia
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