这关键区别皮质醇和肾上腺素之间是皮质醇是由adrenal cortex,而肾上腺素是由adrenal medulla。
Adrenal glands (suprarenal glands) are small, triangular-shaped glands located on top of the kidneys. The function of adrenal glands is to produce a handful of important hormones that help in maintaining salt balance in the blood and tissues, maintaining blood pressure, responding to stressful situations, and producing some sex hormones. The adrenal cortex produces hormones that control sex (androgens, estrogens), salt balance in the blood (aldosterone), and sugar balance (cortisol). On the other hand, the adrenal medulla produces hormones involved in the fight or flight response (epinephrine and norepinephrine).
CONTENTS
1。概述和关键差异
2。What is Cortisol
3。What is Epinephrine
4。相似性 - 皮质醇和肾上腺素
5。皮质醇与肾上腺素的表格形式
6.摘要 - 皮质醇和肾上腺素
什么是皮质醇?
皮质醇是由肾上腺皮质产生的激素。它是一种类固醇激素glucocorticoid班级。通常,当它用作药物时,它被称为hydrocortisone。这种激素是由许多动物产生的。主要是Zona fasciculataof the adrenal cortex in the adrenal glands produces cortisol. Other tissues also produce cortisol in lower quantities. Cortisol hormone is released with a diurnal cycle. Moreover, cortisol release increases when there is stress and low blood glucose concentration.
皮质醇的主要控制是垂体肽ACTH。ACTH通过控制钙向皮质醇分泌靶细胞的运动来控制皮质醇。ACTH受到CRH的控制(下丘脑肽皮质激素释放激素),该激素受到神经控制。皮质醇的主要功能是通过糖异生增加血糖,抑制免疫系统,并有助于脂肪,蛋白质和碳水化合物的代谢。此外,它还减少了骨形成。Some medical disorders are related to cortisol production, such as primary hypercortisolism (Cushing’s syndrome), secondary hypercortisolism (pituitary tumor resulting in Cushing’s disease, pseudo-Cushing’s syndrome), primary hypocortisolism (Addison’s disease, Nelson’s syndrome), and secondary hypocortisolism (pituitary tumor, Sheehan’s syndrome).
什么是肾上腺素?
肾上腺素(肾上腺素)是肾上腺髓质产生的激素。它是一种激素和药物。波兰生理学家拿破仑·塞布尔斯基(Napoleon Cybulski)于1895年首次分离肾上腺素。肾上腺素通常是由肾上腺和髓质大量的少数神经元产生的。这种激素参与了内脏功能(例如呼吸)的调节。
它通过增加肌肉的血液流动,心脏输出(通过在SA节点上作用),瞳孔扩张反应和血糖水平,在争夺飞行反应中起着重要作用。肾上腺素通过与α和β受体等肾上腺素能受体结合来做到这一点。肾上腺素在许多动物和一些单细胞生物中发现。此外,作为一种药物,肾上腺素用于治疗多种疾病,包括过敏反应,例如过敏反应,心脏骤停和浅表出血。ACTH激素和交感神经系统通过增强酪氨酸羟化酶和多巴胺β羟化酶的活性刺激肾上腺素前体的合成,这两种与儿茶酚胺合成有关的关键酶。
皮质醇和肾上腺素之间有什么相似之处?
- 皮质醇and epinephrine are two hormones produced by the adrenal glands.
- 两种激素都参与压力反应。
- Both hormones can increase the blood sugar level.
- 它们受到ACTH激素的良好调节。
- 两者的失调都与疾病有关。
皮质醇和肾上腺素有什么区别?
皮质醇是一种由肾上腺分泌cortex, while epinephrine is a hormone produced by the adrenal medulla. Thus, this is the key difference between cortisol and epinephrine. Furthermore, cortisol is a steroid hormone, whereas epinephrine is a peptide hormone.
以下信息图显示了与表格形式的皮质醇和肾上腺素之间的差异。
摘要 - 皮质醇与肾上腺素
皮质醇and epinephrine are two hormones produced by the adrenal glands that are involved in stress response. Cortisol is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex while epinephrine is a peptide hormone produced by the adrenal medulla. So, this is the key difference between cortisol and epinephrine.
参考:
1。“皮质醇“百科全书大不列颠,百科全书大不列颠公司
2.“”肾上腺素(肾上腺素):功能,缺陷和副作用是什么。”克利夫兰诊所。
图片提供:
1。“Cortisol-3D-Balls-2” By Jynto (talk) – This image was created with Discovery Studio Visualizer. (CC0) via Commons Wikimedia
2.“”Epinephrine-ampule” jfoldmei - 自己的作品(CC由3.0)via Commons Wikimedia
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