的区别是什么en Allosteric and Non-allosteric Enzymes

Thekey differencebetween allosteric and non-allosteric enzymesis that allosteric enzymes have allosteric sites other than their活动地点为了结合调节分子，而非骨酶只有一个活性位点与substrate.

酶调节有不同的方式。变构调节是一种这种形式的酶调节。变构调节由称为变构酶的酶促进。调节分子与酶具有的变构位点结合并调节酶活性。因此，变构酶也称为调节酶。变构酶的特殊性是它们具有除主要活性部位以外的其他位点。

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What are Allosteric Enzymes
3.What are Non-allosteric Enzymes
4.Similarities – Allosteric vs Non-allosteric Enzymes
5.表格形式的变构和非构酶
6。Summary – Allosteric vs Non-allosteric Enzymes

What are Allosteric Enzymes?

Allosteric enzymes are a type of enzyme that possess allosteric sites for the binding of regulatory molecules. These sites are located in the differentprotein subunitsof the enzyme. A regulatory molecule can be an inhibitor or an activator. When an inhibitor binds to the enzyme, the enzyme activity decreases. When an activator binds to the enzyme, enzymatic function increases. This type of regulation of enzymatic activity is known as allosteric regulation. An allosteric enzyme is specific to its substrate and its regulatory molecules (modulators). The interaction of the regulatory molecule/modulator with the enzyme is reversible and non-covalent. A reaction catalyzed by an allosteric enzyme shows a sigmoidal curve.

变构法规是作为反馈机制进行的。在负反馈抑制中，调节分子是一种抑制剂，它抑制了反应。在阳性反馈机制中，与变构位点结合的效应分子或激活剂会增加反应速率。变构调节剂与变构酶的结合改变了蛋白质的构象，从而影响其功能。丙酮酸激酶，核糖核苷酸还原酶，天冬氨酸经氨基甲酸酯酶和ADP-葡萄糖焦磷酸酶是变构酶的几个例子。

What are Non-allosteric Enzymes?

Non-allosteric enzymes are the enzymes that do not process allosteric sites other than the active site. Therefore, they are simple enzymes that have only one enzyme active site. These enzymes are substrate-specific enzymes. They are also non-regulatory enzymes. Their reactions show a hyperbolic curve.

When there is a competitive inhibitor, the reaction rate decreases. A competitive inhibitor is similar to the substrate. Hence, it competes with the substrate for binding with the active site. When the substrate fails to bind with the active site, the substrate-enzyme complex cannot be formed, so the reaction rate decreases.

变构和非官方酶之间有什么相似之处？

• Allosteric and non-allosteric enzymes are two types of enzymes.
• 它们由蛋白质组成。
• They catalyze biochemical reactions in living cells.
• 两种类型的酶在反应结束时保持不变。
• A small concentration of these enzymes is enough to catalyze a reaction.
• They are sensitive to changes in pH and temperature.

变构和非骨酶有什么区别？

An allosteric enzyme is an enzyme that has an additional site called regulatory site or allosteric site for the binding of a regulatory molecule. A non-allosteric enzyme is a simple enzyme that has only an active site for the binding of its substrate. So, this is the key difference between allosteric and non-allosteric enzymes.

The following infographic lists the differences between allosteric and non-allosteric enzymes in tabular form for side by side comparison.

Summary – Allosteric vs Non-allosteric Enzymes

The allosteric enzyme is a regulatory enzyme that possesses an allosteric site other than the active site. Hence, a regulatory molecule can bind with the allosteric site and regulate the enzymatic activity. In contrast, the non-allosteric enzyme does not have an allosteric site. It has only an active site. Non-allosteric enzymes are not regulatory enzymes. Allosteric enzymes are both substrate and regulatory molecule specific, while non-allosteric enzymes are substrate-specific. Thus, this is the summary of the difference between allosteric and non-allosteric enzymes.

Reference:

1.“”Enzyme Regulation (Article)。”可汗学院。
2. “Enzymes。”Lumen.

Image Courtesy:

1.“”变构抑制” by [[：en：user：{{{1}}}} | {{{{1}}}}]]在英语wikipedia上(CC BY-SA 3.0)通过Commons Wikimedia
2. “Michaelis Menten curve 2”托马斯·沙菲（Thomas Shafee） - 自己的工作(CC BY 4.0)通过Commons Wikimedia