伪装和季节性失业之间的差异

关键区别 - 伪装与季节性失业

伪装和季节性失业是两种主要类型失业that arise due to different reasons. A high unemployment level is not a healthy indication of an经济;因此，许多政府采取了许多政策，以使失业率保持低水平。伪装和季节性失业之间的区别在于伪装的失业当剩余人工是employed out of which some employees have zero or almost zero marginal productivity然而当个人在一年中的某些时间失业时，就会发生季节性失业他们受雇于全年不生产商品或服务的行业。

CONTENTS
1。概述和关键差异
2。What is Disguised Unemployment
3。什么是季节性失业
4。并排比较 - 伪装与季节性失业
5.Summary

What is Disguised Unemployment?

当雇用剩余劳动力时，会发生变相失业，其中一些员工的边际生产力为零或几乎为零。因此，这种类型的失业不会影响总输出。伪装的失业也被称为‘hidden unemployment.’伪装的失业率通常不计入国民经济的官方失业统计中。

E.g. XYZ is a small family business operated by six members of the same family. However, the business can actually be managed by four members; thus, even if two members withdraw themselves from the business, there will be no effect on the aggregate output.

以下两种类型的员工构成了伪装失业的主要部分。

• 员工工作远低于其功能

This is referred to as ‘就业不足“一个d occurs when individuals do not utilize all their skills and education in their jobs. In underemployment, there is a mismatch between the availability of job opportunities and the availability of skills and education levels.

• 当前不在寻找工作但能够执行价值工作的员工

Disguised unemployment exists frequently indeveloping countries大人口在劳动力中造成了盈余。

什么是季节性失业?

当个人在一年中的某些时间失业时，就会发生季节性失业，因为他们在全年不生产商品或服务的行业中受雇。许多行业，例如农业，休闲和旅游业，零售业受季节性就业的影响。通常，在计算国家失业率时，考虑了季节性失业的影响。下面给出的是经历季节性就业影响的方式。

Due to Change in the Seasons

由于地球上的大多数国家都受到季节性变化的影响，因此许多职业受到这种季节性变化的影响。

E.g.

• Landscaping (art and craft of growing plants) businesses in winter
• Ski instructors in summer
• 由于节日

某些产品和服务可在节日期间获得；因此，在一年中的其他时候，它们的生产和分销是有限或不存在的。此外，零售业务等行业在节日期间的销售额也增加了，他们必须雇用季节性员工。

例如圣诞装饰品和贺卡

Due to the Nature of the Occupation or Regulatory Requirements

许多组织最终确定会计信息并准备financial statementsfor the accounting year end in December or March. During these months, some firms hire extra staff. Professionals who work in a specific season often charge fees for their services, which may be equivalent to an annual income.

伪装的失业率和季节性失业率有什么区别？

Disguised Unemployment vs Seasonal Unemployment
伪装的失业率是在雇用多余的劳动力时发生的，其中一些员工的边际生产力为零或几乎为零。	当个人在一年中的某些时间失业时，就会发生季节性失业，因为他们在全年不生产商品或服务的行业中受雇。
分子类型
Disguised unemployment does not affect aggregate output.	总产出受季节性失业的影响。
Main Cause
伪装失业的主要原因是劳动的盈余。	季节性变化是季节性失业的主要原因。
纳入国家失业统计
国家失业统计数据中不包括变相失业。	National unemployment statistics is usually adjusted for seasonal unemployment.

Summary – Disguised vs Seasonal Unemployment

The difference between disguised and seasonal unemployment can be understood by the reasons for their occurrence. Disguised unemployment mainly occurs as result of excess manpower in the labor force while seasonal unemployment is caused by seasonal variations. While it is difficult to minimize the effects of seasonal unemployment, negative effects of disguised unemployment can be controlled by long-term policies.

参考：
1。“What do you understand by disguised unemployment? Explain with an example each from the urban and rural areas. Tution Teacher. N.p., 13 Mar. 2014. Web. 15 May 2017. .
2.“伪装的失业。”Investopedia。N.P.，2010年10月10日。2017年5月15日。。
3.“作为宏关键术语：季节性失业|Tutor2U经济学。”Tutor2U。N.P.，N.D。网络。2017年5月15日。。
4.“季节性失业：定义和实例。”stuce.com。n.d.网络。2017年5月15日。。

图片提供：
1.布拉德·科利斯（Brad Collis）的“柬埔寨农民种米”(CC BY 2.0)通过下议院维基梅迪亚