Difference Between snRNA and snRNP

Thekey differencebetween snRNA and snRNP is thatsnRNAs are small nuclear RNA molecules while snRNPs or small nuclear ribonucleoproteins are small nuclear RNA molecules with proteins.

snRNAs are non-coding, biologically active small RNA molecules with an average size of 150nucleotides。它们通常与蛋白质作为自然状态的SNRNP相关。因此，SNRNP是具有几种SNRNP特异性蛋白的小核RNA。SNRNP参与介导或调节翻译后RNA处理事件（例如剪接等）。真核细胞。

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is snRNA
3.What is snRNP
4.Similarities Between snRNA and snRNP
5.Side by Side Comparison – snRNA vs snRNP in Tabular Form
6.概括

What is snRNA?

snRNA stands forsmall nuclear RNA。They are small nuclear RNA molecules found within the splicing speckles and Cajal bodies of the cell nucleus in eukaryotic cells. An snRNA molecule has an average length of 150 nucleotides. These snRNAs are transcribed by pol II and pol III. The main function of snRNA is the processing ofpre-messenger RNA (hnRNA)在核中。他们主要参与调解或调节翻译后RNA处理事件，例如剪接。由于SNRNAS的作用，进行精确的对齐和内含子的正确切除。此外，SNRNA参与转录因子（7SK RNA）或RNA聚合酶II(B2 RNA) and maintaining telomeres.

snRNAs are non-coding RNAs. They belong to a class of highly abundant biologically active RNA localized in the nucleus. They are always associated with protein molecules and exist as small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNP). There are two main types of snRNAs as Sm-class snRNA and Lsm-class snRNA. U1, U2, U4, U4atac, U5, U7, U11, and U12 are Sm-class snRNA while U6 and U6atac are Lsm-class snRNA.

What is snRNP?

snRNP is a small nuclear RNA molecule combined with proteins. Generally, each snRNP contains a single snRNA and many protein molecules. Therefore, snRNPs are small nuclear RNA molecules and proteins. snRNPs, together with many other additional proteins, form the complex called spliceosome where RNA splicing takes place. snRNPs need both the RNA part and the protein part to splice out introns. The RNA component is responsible for the endonuclease cuts since it has enzymatic activity. There are different types of snRNPs, and they cut at different locations.

In addition to splicing, snRNPs participate in nuclear maturation of primary transcripts in mRNAs, gene expression regulation, splice donor in non-canonical systems and in 3′-end processing of replication-dependent histone mRNAs. There are two special groups of snRNPs as small nucleolar RNPs (snoRNPs) and small Cajal-body RNPs (scaRNPs).

What are the Similarities Between snRNA and snRNP?

• SNRNA和SNRNP都有小的核RNA分子。
• snRNAs combine with proteins to make snRNPs.
• 每个SNRNP包含一个单个snRNA。
• SNRNA和SNRNP都在真核细胞的核中发现。

What is the Difference Between snRNA and snRNP?

snRNA is a small non-coding RNA molecule localized within the eukaryotic cell nucleus while snRNP is a complex of a single snRNA and snRNP specific proteins. snRNPS are small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles. snRNA is just a small RNA molecule while snRNP is a complex of snRNA molecule and tightly bound proteins. So, this is the key difference between snRNA and snRNP.

Below infographic shows the differences between snRNA and snRNP in tabular form.

摘要 - snRNA vs snrnp

SNRNA是一类非编码的小核RNA，位于真核核中。它们执行与内含子剪接和其他RNA处理有关的重要功能。在自然状态下，SNRNA与蛋白质相关，并作为小核核糖核蛋白颗粒（SNRNP）存在。SNRNP与许多其他蛋白质一起参与剪接体复合物的形成，以进行RNA剪接。因此，这总结了SnRNA和SNRNP之间的差异。

Reference:

1. Stone, Lauren B, and Kasandra J Riley. “Small Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins (SnRNPs).” Wiley Online Library, American Cancer Society, 15 Aug. 2014, onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9780470015902.a0005038.
2. “Small Nuclear RNA.”ScienceDirect Topics,Available here。

Image Courtesy:

1. “RF00003” – from the Rfam database (Public Domain) viaCommons Wikimedia
2. “Spliceosome ball cycle new2” By JBrain –（CC BY-SA 2.0 DE）viaCommons Wikimedia