The key difference between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells is that the真核细胞possess a truenucleusand true membrane-bound organelles while the prokaryotic cells do not possess a true nucleus or true organelles.
Cells are an essential part in the formation of everything that is around us. The composition of the cells can be seen in two kinds: the eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells. The first parts of these names “eu”’ and “pro” mean good and before, respectively. The second term refers to the nucleus. Thus, eukaryotic means good nucleus (having a true nucleus) while prokaryotic refers to before a nucleus.
内容
1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What are Eukaryotic Cells
3.What are Prokaryotic Cells
4.真核细胞与原核细胞之间的相似性
5.并排比较 - 真核细胞与原核细胞以表格形式
6.概括
What are Eukaryotic Cells?
Eukaryotic cells are found in fungi, protists, plants, and animals. They are complex cells having a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Furthermore, a plasma membrane encloses these cells, and they contain 80Sribosomes. These cells divide quite differently from prokaryotic cells. Moreover, multiple linear chromosomes are present in these cells, and they are located inside the nucleus.
Figure 01: Eukaryotic Cell
The eukaryotic cell structures are different in the plants and animals. They have complex photosynthesis and respiratory processes.
What are Prokaryotic Cells?
Prokaryotic cells do not possess a nucleus in them. They are present in various shapes. They have hair-like structures on their surface. For example, bacteria and archaea are prokaryotes which show prokaryotic cellular organization.
图02：原核细胞
Moreover, they are known to have single cell structure. Also, they carry细胞质，质膜和核糖体。他们不支持繁殖；它们的产生主要是基于无性裂变，芽裂，萌芽等的基础。原核生物细胞包含一个漂浮在细胞质中的单个圆形染色体。
What are the Similarities Between Eukaryotic Cells and Prokaryotic Cells?
- 真核细胞和原核细胞含有DNA。
- Both can reproduce.
- Also, both are living cells.
- And, both possess ribosomes.
- Furthermore, they both produce proteins.
- Moreover, both cells transport molecules across the cell membrane.
- These cells require energy to perform metabolic processes.
What is the Difference Between Eukaryotic Cells and Prokaryotic Cells?
Eukaryotic cells possess a true nucleus and true membrane-bound organelles while prokaryotic cells do not possess a true nucleus and true membrane-bound organelles. It is the key difference between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells. Moreover, another significant difference between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells is that the eukaryotes are multi-cellular whereas prokaryotes are single-celled. Furthermore, DNA in eukaryotic cells is located inside the nucleus while DNA in prokaryotic cells is located in the cytoplasm. Hence, this is also an important difference between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells. Also, the eukaryotic cell has multiple linear chromosomes while the prokaryotic cell has a single circular chromosome.
Further difference between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells is that the eukaryotic cells are more complex while prokaryotic cells are simple. Besides, fungi, protists, animals, and plants contain eukaryotic cells whereas Bacteria and Archaea contain prokaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells have a nuclear membrane which surrounds the nucleus, unlike prokaryotic cells. There is also a difference between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells based on their reproduction procedures. The cell division in eukaryotes occurs by mitosis and meiosis while the cell division in prokaryotes occurs by binary fission.
概括– Eukaryotic Cells vs Prokaryotic Cells
据说比真核细胞更早发现了核细胞。真核细胞具有与后者不同的结构，因为它们在其结构中携带核。真核细胞的DNA在细胞核内，在核中，它在细胞质中自由传播。真核细胞具有非常复杂的结构，其大小比原核细胞的大小大十倍。核细胞结构非常简单且尺寸较小。这是真核细胞和原核细胞之间的差异。
Image Courtesy:
1. “Eukaryotic Cell (animal)” By Mediran – Own work(CC BY-SA 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia
2. “Prokaryote cell diagram” By Mariana Ruiz LadyofHats (Public Domain) viaCommons Wikimedia
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