Simple Random Sample vs Systematic Random Sample
Data is one of the most important things in statistics. Due to practical difficulties it will not be possible to make use of data from a whole population when a hypothesis is tested. Therefore, data values from samples are taken to make inferences about a population. Since, not all data are used; there is an uncertainty (which is called the sampling error) in the inferences made. In order to minimize such uncertainties, it is important that unbiased samples be chosen.
When individuals are chosen for a sample in such a way that each individual in the population has an equal probability of getting selected, then such a sample is called a random sample. For example, consider the case where 10 houses out of 100 houses in a neighborhood are to be chosen as a sample. The number of each house is written in pieces of paper, and all the 100 pieces are in a basket. One randomly chooses 10 different pieces of paper with replacement from the basket. Then the chosen 10 numbers will be a random sample.
简单的随机抽样and systematic random sampling are both sampling techniques, which result in random samples with a few different qualities.
What is a Simple Random Sample?
A simple random sample is a random sample chosen in such a way that each of the samples of that sample-size (that can be chosen from the population) has an equal probability of being selected as the sample. This sampling technique requires the reach throughout the total scope of the population. In other words, the population should be sufficiently small, temporally and spatially, to do simple random sampling efficiently. Looking back at the example, in the second paragraph, it can be seen that what is done there is simple random sampling and the sample of 10 houses drawn in that way is a simple random sample.
例如,考虑测试公司生产的灯泡的情况。所考虑的人口是公司生产的所有灯泡。但是在这种情况下,一些灯泡尚未生产,并且已经出售了一些灯泡。因此,采样在时间上限于目前的库存。在这种情况下,不能完成简单的随机抽样,因为不可能确保每个k,每个大小样本k被选为样本的可能性相同。
What is a Systematic Random Sample?
Random samples chosen with systematic pattern are called systematic random samples. There are several steps in choosing a sample using this method.
- 指数人口(数量应该分配randomly)
- Calculate the max-value of the sampling interval (the number of individuals in the population divided by the number of individuals to be chosen for the sample.)
- 在1和最大值之间选择一个随机数。
- Repeatedly add the max value to select the rest of the individuals.
- Choose the sample by selecting the individuals corresponding to the number sequence obtained.
For example, consider selection of 10 houses out of 100 houses. Then, houses are numbered from 1 to 100, to find a systematic random sample. Then, max-value is100/10= 10. Now, choose a number randomly in the range 1-10. It can be done by drawing lots. Say, 7 is the number obtained as a result. The random sample is the houses numbered 7, 17, 27, 37, 47, 57, 67, 77, 87, and 97.
What is the difference between Simple Random Sample and Systematic Random Sample? •简单的随机样本要求分别选择每个人,但系统的随机样品却没有。 • In simple random sampling, for eachk,每个大小样本khas equal probability of being selected as a sample but it is not so in systematic random sampling. |
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