Difference Between Proteoglycans and Glycoproteins

Thekey differencebetween proteoglycans and glycoproteins is that theproteoglycans have long unbranched chains with disaccharide units as repeating structures while the glycoproteins have short highly branched glycan chains with no repeating units.

Glycoproteins and proteoglycans are two types of molecules that contain bothproteins and carbohydrateunits. The carbohydrate units are bound covalently to proteins molecules, varying in size from单糖to多糖.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.什么是蛋白聚糖
3.What are Glycoproteins
4.并排比较 - 表格形式的蛋白聚糖与糖蛋白
5.概括

什么是蛋白聚糖?

蛋白聚糖由一个或多个共价附着的蛋白质核心组成glycosaminoglycan（堵嘴）链。结缔组织具有proteoglycans，它们有助于细胞外基质的组织和物理特性。基于糖胺聚糖链的性质，蛋白聚糖可以分为几类，包括硫酸软骨/降解硫酸软骨，硫酸甲基硫酸肝素，硫酸软骨素硫酸盐和硫酸盐。蛋白聚糖也可以根据其大小和大蛋白聚糖的大小来分割。

What are Glycoproteins?

Glycoproteins are proteins to which carbohydrates are covalently bound through glycosidic bonds. Glycoproteins are commonly found in the body and are an important part of the membranes and Golgi apparatus in cells. In addition to that, they also serve as the cellular recognition molecules such as receptors, adhesion molecules, etc.

The two types of glycosylation are N-glycosylation and O-glycosylation. The principle carbohydrates in human glycoproteins are glucose, mannose, fucose, acetylgalactosamine, acetylglucosamine, acetyleuraminic acid, and xylose. Some hormones are also considered as glycoproteins, for example; FSH, LH, TSH, EPO, etc.

什么是均nce Between Proteoglycans and Glycoproteins?

蛋白聚糖被认为是糖蛋白的子类。The key difference between proteoglycans and glycoproteins is that the glycoproteins have short highly branched glycan chains with no repeating units while the proteoglycans have long unbranched chains with disaccharide units as repeating structures. Moreover, the carbohydrate content of proteoglycans is about 10 – 15%, whereas that of glycoproteins is 50 – 60% by weight.

Furthermore, the glycoproteins are found mainly in the cellular membrane of cells while the proteoglycans are found mainly in connective tissues. Concerning the functions, the difference between proteoglycans and glycoproteins is that the proteoglycans are important in the modulation of cellular development processes, whereas the glycoproteins function in cellular recognition.

The following infographic tabulates the differences between proteoglycans and glycoproteins for side by side comparison.

摘要 - 蛋白聚糖与糖蛋白

糖蛋白和蛋白聚糖是两种类型的分子，既包含蛋白质和碳水化合物单元。蛋白聚糖被认为是糖蛋白的子类。糖蛋白的高度分支高糖链短，没有重复单位，而蛋白聚糖具有长长的无分支链，其二糖单位是重复的结构。此外，蛋白聚糖的碳水化合物含量约为10-15％，而糖蛋白的碳水化合物含量为50-60％。因此，这是蛋白聚糖和糖蛋白之间差异的摘要。

Image Courtesy:

1. “Extracellular Matrix Components of Cartilage” By Kassidy Veasaw – Own work(CC BY-SA 4.0)viaCommons Wikimedia
2. “0303 Lipid Bilayer With Various Components” ByOpenStax–(CC BY 4.0)viaCommons Wikimedia