高尔基体和内质网之间的差异| Compare the Difference Between Similar Terms

Thekey differencebetween Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum is that theGolgi apparatus is not directly associated with thenucleuswhile some parts of the endoplasmic reticulum are continuous with the nuclear envelope.

Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum are two very important organelles present inside the cells. The two organelles are responsible for different but very important functions for the survival of the cells. Thus, it is necessary to explore the basic and most important characteristics of these organelles.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Golgi Apparatus
3.What is Endoplasmic Reticulum
4.高尔基体和内质网之间的相似性
5.Side by Side Comparison – Golgi Apparatus vs Endoplasmic Reticulum in Tabular Form
6.概括

什么是高尔基体？

Golgi apparatus, also calledGolgi bodies或者Golgi complex，是一个杰出的细胞器真核细胞, especially in both plant and animal cells. It is an arrangement of fluid-filled discs covered by a membrane similar to the细胞膜. Golgi apparatus is a part of the endomembrane system of cells, and it encases some importantproteins and enzymes. Golgi complex carries out the packaging of proteins prior to sending them to the targets. Also, further processing of those proteins takes place inside Golgi bodies. Usually, Golgi bodies process the proteins produced at the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Then, the processed proteins are used for secretion.

Golgi Apparatus vs Endoplasmic Reticulum

Figure 01: Golgi Apparatus

每个细胞通过不同的生化过程，尤其是在代谢和合成代谢过程中综合了许多不同的分子。因此，这些分子应在正确的时间在正确的位置正确分类，修改，包装和交付。Golgi设备负责此目的。Golgi设备在细胞内部执行所有这些重要步骤。

In addition to proteins, Golgi bodies process lipids, proteins, enzymes, and many other types of molecules. Moreover, Golgi bodies produce enzyme-filled lysosomes.

什么是内质网？

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is one of the very important structures in a cell. ER exists in two forms:rough ER (RER) and smooth ER (SER). RER comes with ribosomes present on the external surface, which gives it a rough appearance in the microscope. However, SER has no ribosomes on its surface; hence, SER has a smooth appearance.

Figure 02: Endoplasmic Reticulum

The structure of the ER is a network of tubules and vesicles, and the surface of RER looks like an extension of the nuclear envelope. On the other hand, SER is located throughout the cytoplasm evenly. Functionally, ER is responsible for several functions within the cell including poison detoxification, anabolism (aids in the construction of both proteins and lipids), and catabolic pathways of carbohydrate breakdown. When there is cell membrane damage, parts of the ER, especially RER, fill the gaps. Hence, it works as a reserve of plasma membrane for both cells and organelles.

What are the Similarities Between Golgi Apparatus and Endoplasmic Reticulum?

Both Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum are two important cell organelles.
这些细胞器仅存在于真核细胞中。
那是;核细胞没有高尔基体和内质网。
而且，它们是膜结合的细胞器。
And, both organelles contain a network of membrane-enclosed sacs.
Besides, lipid metabolism occurs in both Golgi apparatus and smooth ER.

What is the Difference Between Golgi Apparatus and Endoplasmic Reticulum?

Golgi bodies or Golgi apparatus are an arrangement of few fluid-filled dishes whereas ER is a network of tubules and vesicles. Therefore, this is the key difference between Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum. Furthermore, Golgi apparatus sorts, modifies, and delivers the components in a cell whereas ER is more of a structurally aiding organelle for metabolic activities. Functionally, this is a significant difference between Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum.

此外，高尔基体和内质网之间的进一步差异是，溶酶体是在高尔基体复合物上形成的，而溶酶体水解酶在RER下合成。

以下信息图提供了有关高尔基体和内质网之间差异的更多信息。

摘要 - 高尔基体与内质网

高尔基体和内质网是真核细胞中存在的两个重要细胞细胞器。两者都由膜封闭的液体囊形成。然而，ER的一部分与核包膜是连续的，而高尔基体与核无关。此外，RER表面上有核糖体，而高尔基体不含核糖体。此外，高尔基体产生溶酶体，而ER合成溶酶体水解酶。与其他细胞细胞器相比，ER是最大的细胞细胞器，包括高尔基体。因此，这总结了高尔基体和内质网之间的差异。

Reference:

1.Fields, Deborah. “The Endoplasmic Reticulum and Golgi Body: What’s the Difference?” News, 23 Aug. 2018,Available here.
2.自然新闻，自然出版小组，Available here.