之间的区别Cell Membrane and Cytoplasm

Key Difference – CellMembrane vs Cytoplasm

这细胞is the highly organized basic building block of the living organisms. Cell membrane and cytoplasm are two major components of a cell. Their function and structure are highly important for the survival and development of the living cell. The cell membrane is a dynamic, delicate, two-layered structure made up of脂质and蛋白质。细胞膜的主要功能是调节物质进出细胞的运动。细胞质是位于质膜内部和外部外部的半流体基质核in which all the other cell细胞器被嵌入。这关键区别在细胞膜和细胞质之间，细胞membrane is the semi-permeable protective cover that encloses the entire cell including the cytoplasm while the cytoplasm is the transparent jelly-like semi-fluid present within the cell membrane and nucleus that fills the entire cell.

CONTENTS

1。概述和关键差异
2。什么是细胞膜
3。什么是细胞质
4。细胞膜和细胞质之间的相似性
5.并排比较 - 表格形式的细胞膜与细胞质
6.Summary

什么是细胞膜？

这细胞membrane (plasma membrane) is defined as the double-layered磷脂membrane that separates the interior of the cell from the outside environment in both原核和真核细胞。Singer and Nicolson first described the cell membrane structure in 1972. According to fluid mosaic model explained by Singer and Nicolson, the phospholipids in the plasma membrane are made up of hydrophilic phosphate heads and hydrophobic fatty acid tails. The phospholipids are arranged in a way directing their hydrophobic tails inward and hydrophilic heads outward.

细胞膜中存在两个磷脂层。在磷脂双层中，位于不同类型的蛋白质。三种类型的蛋白质是integral proteins, peripheral proteinsand跨膜蛋白。一些蛋白质一直跨越整个膜，充当通道或细胞受体，而另一些蛋白质可以在附着的细胞膜边缘找到碳水化合物（（glycoprotein）。这胆固醇may also be found in the plasma membrane. Cholesterol affects the fluidity of the plasma membrane.

这main function of the cell membrane is the protection of cell from its surrounding. It limits the exchange of materials between the cell and its environment (acts as a selectively permeable membrane). Some cells have modified plasma membranes. For example, the plasma membranes of nutrient-absorbing cells in小肠，，，，the membrane is folded into finger-like projections known as ‘微绒毛’。这种修饰增加了质膜的表面积。并提高了营养吸收的效率。

什么是细胞质?

细胞质被定义为真核生物中核包膜和细胞膜之间的果冻样半流体基质。但是，在原核细胞的情况下，它被定义为在质膜内发现的果冻样半流体。细胞质具有果冻状”细胞质”被称为细胞质的水分。细胞质含有水，离子，小分子和大分子。真核细胞在细胞质中还具有膜结合的细胞器。

细胞骨架是在细胞质中发现的纤维网络。细胞骨架给细胞形状，并且也支持细胞。许多蛋白质悬浮在细胞质中。它包含其他分子，例如糖，碳水化合物，脂质和离子，例如；钠，钾和钙。许多代谢反应发生在细胞质中。它充当反应介质。

What are the Similarities Between Cell Membrane and Cytoplasm?

• Both are components of a cell.
• Both are responsible for giving a shape to the cell.
• Both are highly important for the survival of the cell.
• Proteins, lipids, carbohydrates can be found in both cell membrane and cytoplasm.

What is the Difference Between Cell Membrane and Cytoplasm?

Cell Membrane vs Cytoplasm
这细胞membrane is defined as the double-layered phospholipids membrane that separates the interior of the cell from the outside environment.	这cytoplasm is defined as the jelly-like semi-fluid presents inside the plasma membrane.
Function
Cell membrane protects the cell and gives a definite shape to the cell.	细胞质保持细胞细胞器，并充当代谢反应的反应培养基。
原生质
细胞膜不是原生质。	Cytoplasm and nucleus are the parts of the protoplasm.
Movement of Substances
这细胞membrane has tiny pores that control the movement of the various substances across the membrane.	细胞质不涉及控制各种物质跨膜的运动。
与外部环境分开
Cell membrane separates the cells from one another and from the outside environment.	Cytoplasm does not separate the cells from one another and from the outside environment.
Stored and Released Energy
这energy is not released and stored in the cell membrane.	能量被释放并存储在细胞质中。
Cell Adhesion and Ion Conductivity
细胞膜是涉及细胞粘附和离子电导率的主要位点。	细胞质不涉及细胞粘附和ion conductivity.

Summary – CellMembrane vs Cytoplasm

细胞是生物学的基本单元。它是由英国科学家罗伯特·胡克（Robert Hooke）在1665年发现的。该细胞具有基本成分，例如细胞膜，细胞质，细胞细胞器和用遗传物质储存的核。细胞膜是覆盖整个细胞的保护片。细胞质和核共同使细胞的生物部分称为原生质。细胞质被认为是在真核生物中核包膜和细胞膜之间呈现的果冻样半流体。但是，在原核细胞的情况下，它是质膜内部发现的果冻样半流体。细胞质为细胞的代谢反应提供了一种反应培养基。细胞质还保持许多细胞细胞器。这是细胞膜和细胞质之间的差异。

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参考：

1。“Plasma membrane and cytoplasm (Article).” Khan Academy.在这里可用
2。“Cell membrane and Cytoplasm – Cell structure and functions, Class 8.” ClassNotes.org.in, 19 Oct. 2016.在这里可用

图片提供：

1。’Cell membrane detailed diagram 3’By derivative work: Dhatfield,（（CC BY-SA 3.0)通过下议院维基梅迪亚
2。’Cell parts’ By No machine-readable author provided. Own work assumed (based on copyright claims).,（（CC BY-SA 3.0)通过下议院维基梅迪亚