协调实体和协的区别ation Sphere

Key Difference – Coordination Entityvs Coordination Sphere

Thekey difference在协调实体和协调领域之间协调实体是中央原子的集合和ligands围绕原子，而协调球是与配位化合物的电荷给出的协调实体。

A coordination compound is a complex chemical compound composed of a central atom (usually a meta-atom or a metal ion) surrounded by molecules or ions known as ligands. These ligands are bound to the central metal atom via协调共价键. These bonds are formed when electron-rich molecules or ions donate their lone electron pairs to a metal atom (or ion).

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Coordination Entity
3.What is Coordination Sphere
4.并排比较 - 协调实体与表格形式的协调领域
5.概括

什么是协调实体？

Coordination entity is the collection of components of a coordination compound including the central atom and the ligands surrounding this central atom. The ligands are bonded to the central atom via coordinate covalent bonds. A coordinate covalent bond is formed when an electron-rich molecule or ion donates its lone electron pairs to an electron-deficient atom.

The central atom is most of the times a metal atom in d-block. That is because d-block elements have many empty d orbitals (enough space for incoming lone electron pairs). For example, the coordination entity of [CoCl₂（NH₃)₄]⁺是COCL₂（NH₃)₄. The central metal atom is cobalt (Co).

What is Coordination Sphere?

Coordination sphere is the collection of components of a coordination compound which includes the central atom and the ligands surrounding this central atom given along with the net electrical charge of the compound. The central metal atom is most of the times a positively charged component (a cation). Some ligands are neutrally charged (and contain lone electron pairs that can be donated) whereas other ligands are negatively charged (anions). Therefore, the net charge of the coordination compound is determined by both the central metal ion and the charge of ligands.

The coordination spheres can be found in two types as first coordination sphere and the second coordination sphere. The first coordination sphere includes the ligands that are directly attached to the metal ion whereas second coordination sphere includes the indirectly bonded molecules and ions as well. For example, the first coordination sphere of [CoCl₂（NH₃)₄]Cl is of [CoCl₂（NH₃)₄]⁺whereas the second coordination sphere is Cl^–ion.

协调实体和协调领域有什么区别？

协调实体vs Coordination Sphere
Coordination entity is the components of a coordination compound which includes the central atom and the ligands surrounding this central atom.	Coordination sphere is the collection of components of a coordination compound that includes the central atom and the ligands surrounding this central atom given along with the net electrical charge of the compound.
Components
Coordination entity includes the atoms and ions present in the coordination sphere.	Coordination sphere includes the atoms and ions present in the coordination compound along with their electrical charges.
Electrical Charge
协调实体未提及协调化合物的电荷。	配位化合物的电荷在协调领域中提到。

概括– Coordination Entityvs Coordination Sphere

配位化合物包含一个中央金属原子或离子，该原子被分子或离子包围，称为配体。这些配体是富含电子的成分，可以将电子对捐赠给金属原子。协调实体和协调领域是有关协调化合物的两个术语。协调实体和协调领域之间的区别在于，协调实体是集中原子的集合和该原子周围的配体的收集，而协调球是用配位化合物的电荷给出的协调实体。

Reference:

1.“协调领域。”Wikipedia，Wikimedia基金会，2018年2月17日。Available here
2. libretexts。“协调化学简介。”Chemistry libretexts，libretexts，2017年4月20日。Available here

Image Courtesy:

1.’Trans-dichlorotetraamminecobalt(III)’By Benjah-bmm27 – Own work, (Public Domain) viaCommons Wikimedia