Difference Between Sporophyte and Gametophyte

Thekey differencebetween sporophyte and gametophyte is that孢子体是二倍体参与的结构无性繁殖while the gametophyte is a haploid structure that participates in sexual reproduction of plants.

植物通过无性繁殖以及通过性繁殖繁殖。在植物寿命的发展过程中，根据植物类别的复杂性，可以在植物的生殖系统的发展中看到变化。在植物的进化中，我们遇到了六种不同的植物类别，即苔藓植物，psilophytes，乳脂菌，蝶植物，孢子菌素和精子植物。在考虑所有六种类型时，每个类别的生殖系统彼此不同。在大多数植物中，性繁殖是通过两个不同阶段的称为meiosis和fertilization. By meiosis and fertilization, the life cycle of a plant divides into two distinct phases named sporophyte generation and gametophyte generation. During the reproduction process, these two phases take place alternatively and hence called Alternation of Generations. In some plants, sporophyte generation is dominant than the gametophyte generation while in some groups of plants, gametophyte generation is dominant.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.什么是孢子体
3.什么是配子体
4.孢子体和配子体之间的相似之处
5。Side by Side Comparison – Sporophyte vs Gametophyte in Tabular Form
6。概括

什么是孢子体？

Sporophyte represents the asexual generation of a plant. It is a diploid structure having two sets of chromosomes in cells. Sporophyte generation is dominant in higher plants such as angiosperms and gymnosperms as well as in pteridophytes. Besides, this generation begins with the formation of diploidzygote两种类型的配子受精后。合子通过有丝分裂分裂并成长为二倍体孢子体。

Moreover, sporophytes bear sporangia, and by the process called meiosis (which reduces the number of chromosomes in a cell to half of its parents’ cells), the diploid sporophyte produces haploid spores. These haploid spores germinate and eventually grow as multicellular haploid structures called gametophytes which give rise to the next gametophyte generation which is a sexual phase. Furthermore, these haploid spores participate in the formation of new plants via asexual reproduction.

什么是配子体？

配子体代表植物生命周期的性阶段。这是一个单倍体阶段，在下部植物（如苔藓植物和藻类）中占主导地位。随着进化，配子体的产生已变得较小并限制为单个细胞。配子体阶段从孢子菌形成单倍体孢子开始。

Accordingly, spores divide by mitosis and develop into the multicellular haploid structure known as gametophyte. Also, by dividing again through mitosis, gametophytes produce haploid male and female gametes (egg and sperms) in order to carry out sexual reproduction. These male and female gametes fuse during the sexual reproduction and form a diploid cell called zygote. Then, the zygote starts the next generation which is the sporophyte generation. Likewise, alternation of generation continues in plants.

孢子体和配子体之间有什么相似之处？

• 孢子体和配子体是植物生命周期的两个阶段。
• These stages help alternating generations via haploidy and diploidy.
• 而且，两者都是多细胞结构。
• 此外，都产生单倍体细胞（孢子或配子）。

What is the Difference Between Sporophyte and Gametophyte?

孢子体代表二倍体相（2N），由于合子的形成，而配子体表示由于减数分裂的发生，代表单倍体相（N）。因此，这是孢子体和配子体之间的关键区别。此外，孢子体期会产生单倍体孢子，而配子体相产生男配子（卵和精子）。因此，孢子体阶段是无性恋的，而配子植物阶段是性的。因此，这也是孢子体和配子体之间的区别。

Moreover, a further difference between sporophyte and gametophyte is that the diploid zygote is the first cell in a sporophyte generation, and the haploid spore is the first cell in the gametophyte generation. Also, in Bryophytes, Psilophytes, and Lycophytes, the gametophyte stage is larger and dominant, and the sporophyte stage grows on the gametophyte stage. In angiosperms and gymnosperms, the sporophyte phase is the larger and dominant comparatively, while the gametophyte phase is comparatively smaller. Hence, it is another difference between sporophyte and gametophyte.

Below is an infographic on the difference between sporophyte and gametophyte that provides more information on the differences.

摘要 - 孢子体与配子体

Alteration of generation is a common feature in the life cycle of plants. Hence, the life cycle goes via two distinct phases; the asexual phase and the sexual phase. The asexual phase represents the sporophyte generation while the sexual phase represents by the gametophyte generation. Moreover, sporophytes are diploid and have double sets of chromosomes. On the other hand, gametophytes are haploid and have a single set of chromosomes. So, this is the key difference between sporophyte and gametophyte. Furthermore, sporophyte produces haploid spores while the gametophyte produces male and female gametes. In bryophytes and algae, gametophyte generation is dominant while in pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms, the gametophyte generation is dominant. Thus, this summarizes the difference between sporophyte and gametophyte.

Reference:

1. “Alternation of Generations.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 20 Dec. 2018.Available here
2. Study.com，study.com。Available here

Image Courtesy:

1.”Marchantia sporophytes”By Jon Houseman – Jon Houseman and Matthew Ford,(CC BY-SA 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia
2.“ Gametophyte2”“随机树 - 自己的工作，(CC BY-SA 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia