癌基因和癌蛋白有什么区别

Thekey difference在癌基因和癌蛋白之间是由于癌基因是由于变化或mutationin the DNA sequence of the proto-oncogene while oncoprotein is the protein coded by an oncogene which is responsible for an uncontrollablecell division.

Cells divide and produce new cells via cell cycles. The cell cycle is a highly regulated process, and different types of regulatory proteins are involved in this process. These regulatory proteins are coded by genes called proto-oncogenes. Proto-oncogenes are normal genes that code for positive cell cycle regulators. Trillions of living cells originate, divide, and die in a regulated manner in living organisms. Regulatory proteins synthesized by proto-oncogenes coordinate all these events perfectly in living cells. Hence, proto-oncogenes are extremely important genes in living cells. However, proto-oncogenes can be converted into oncogenes due to mutations. Oncogenes are cancerous genes. These genes synthesize different proteins known as oncoproteins. Oncoproteins are responsible for tumorigenic cell growth.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What are Oncogenes
3.What is an Oncoprotein
4.Similarities – Oncogenes and Oncoprotein
5.癌基因s vs Oncoprotein in Tabular Form
6。Summary – Oncogenes vs Oncoprotein

什么是癌基因？

癌基因s are the genes responsible for cancer development. Cancer is a result of uncontrolled cell division. When the DNA sequence of the proto-oncogene is changed or mutated, oncogenes are formed. Proto-oncogenes become oncogenes due to severalgenetic modifications或机制，例如突变，基因扩增和染色体易位。

当表达癌基因时，它们会产生癌蛋白，从而影响和中断正常细胞周期。致癌基因产生细胞周期的抑制剂，该抑制剂即使在细胞分裂的不利条件下也可以连续分裂。它们还会产生阳性调节剂，使细胞活跃直至形成癌症。致癌基因通过促进不受控制的细胞分裂，降低细胞分化和抑制程序性细胞死亡（凋亡）来致力于癌症的形成。有些人更容易让原始的基因转化为癌基因，并由于诸如辐射，病毒和环境毒素等引起癌症的剂而发展癌症。

What is an Oncoprotein?

Oncoprotein is a product of an oncogene. In other words, oncogenes synthesize oncoproteins. Oncoproteins are different types of proteins that are responsible for tumorigenic cell growth. They drive cancer development and congenital disorders. Oncoporteins promote the transformation of cells into tumors. It is done by dysregulating the signalling pathways involved in cell growth, division, and death.

三种病毒癌蛋白的例子是SV40大型T抗原，腺病毒E1A和人乳头瘤病毒E7。这三种癌蛋白能够激活静态细胞以重新进入细胞周期。由于癌蛋白的存在表明癌症的发展，因此某些癌蛋白被用作肿瘤标记物。许多抗癌药靶向癌蛋白。

致癌基因和之间有什么相似之处coprotein?

• 癌基因s code for oncoproteins.
• Both oncogenes are oncoproteins are responsible for tumorigenic cell growth.
• These oncogenes and oncoproteins regulate the cell cycle negatively.

癌基因和癌蛋白有什么区别?

癌基因is a tumour-inducing gene formed due to a mutation that occurred in proto-oncogene. Oncoprotein is the product coded by an oncogene. So, this is the key difference between oncogenes and oncoprotein. Moreover, oncogenes are composed of nucleic acids, while oncoproteins are proteins made up of amino acids.

The following infographic lists the differences between oncogenes and oncoprotein in tabular form for side by side comparison.

Summary – Oncogenes vs Oncoprotein

Proto-oncogenes are the normal genes that regulate cell division. Protooncogenes code positive cell cycle regulator proteins that are essential for normal cell division. Proto-oncogenes become oncogenes as a result of a mutation or overexpression. Oncogene is a tumour-inducing gene or a cancerous gene. Oncoprotein is the resultant protein of an oncogene. Oncoproteins promote the transformation of normal cells into cancer cells. Thus, this is the summary of the difference between oncogenes and oncoprotein.

Reference:

1.“”癌基因.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 10 Aug. 2021.
2.库珀，杰弗里·M。癌基因s.” The Cell: A Molecular Approach. 2nd Edition., U.S. National Library of Medicine, 1 Jan. 1970.

Image Courtesy:

1.“”癌基因s illustration” – Released by the National Cancer Institute, an agency part of the National Institutes of Health, with the ID 2351 (Public Domain) via Commons Wikimedia
2. “4giz.E6” By Opabinia regalis – Own work(CC BY-SA 4.0)via Commons Wikimedia