抗原和抗体测试有什么区别

Thekey differencebetween antigen and antibody testis that antigen test is a diagnostic test for病原detection that detects the presence or absence of a particular antigen of the pathogen while antibody test is a serological test for pathogen detection that detects the presence or absence of a particular antibody against the pathogen。

病原体的检测是预防和鉴定与健康和安全有关的问题的关键。已建立的病原体鉴定方法包括基于免疫学的方法（检测抗原或抗体），培养和菌落计数方法，PCR-based methods(detecting DNA), and biosensors. Antigen and antibody tests are two immunology-based methods for pathogen detection.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Antigen Test
3.What is Antibody Test
4.Similarities – Antigen and Antibody Test
5.抗原与抗体测试以表格形式
6。摘要 - 抗原与抗体测试

什么是抗原测试？

An antigen test is a diagnostic test for pathogen detection through detecting the presence or absence of a particular antigen of the pathogen. Antigen test is a rapid test used to detect people currently infected with the pathogen. However, it shows better results if a person has had symptoms for a few days. Moreover, this test is designed to detect pieces of the proteins (antigens) that make up the pathogen. Antigen tests can be normally performed while the patient waits since it takes a few minutes to one hour to complete the test. But occasionally, samples are sent to the central laboratory.

Since antigen test typically does not require a lot of special equipment, it is well suited to remote settings. Currently, antigen tests are used as a point of care testing for the detection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in theCOVID-19 disease。临床设置中使用的其他流行抗原测试包括快速链球菌测试，快速流感诊断测试和疟疾抗原检测试验。

What is Antibody Test?

An antibody test is a serological test that detects antibodies developed against the pathogen in the blood of the patient. It is one of the least commonly used testing methods for population-wise testing of virus that causes COVID-19 disease. Antibodies are molecules made by the immune system in response to the pathogen. A positive antibody test can indicate that the patient has been exposed to (or infected) the pathogen in the past.

As antibody test typically requires drawing blood, the samples are almost exclusively taken by a health care professional and sent to laboratories for testing. Antibody tests are not best suited to determine if a person is currently infected. But, understanding who has been exposed to the virus in the past can be helpful in the testing procedure.

抗原和抗体测试之间有什么相似之处？

• Antigen and antibody tests are two immunology-based methods for pathogen detection.
• Both are conventional techniques.
• They are inexpensive compared to methods such as molecular techniques.
• Both tests are used currently for the detection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the COVID-19 disease

抗原和抗体测试有什么区别？

Antigen test is a diagnostic test for pathogen detection through detecting the presence or absence of a particular antigen of the pathogen, while an antibody test is a serological test for pathogen detection through detecting the presence or absence of a particular antibody in the blood against the pathogen. Thus, this is the key difference between antigen and antibody test. Furthermore, an antigen test is categorized as a rapid test, while an antibody test is not categorized as a rapid test.

以下信息图显示了与表格形式的抗原和抗体测试之间的差异。

摘要 - 抗原与抗体测试

Antigen and antibody tests are two immunology-based methods for pathogen detection. Antigen test is a diagnostic test for pathogen detection through detecting the presence or absence of a particular antigen of the pathogen, while an antibody test is a serological test for pathogen detection through detecting the presence or absence of a particular antibody of the pathogen. So, this summarizes the difference between antigen and antibody test.

Reference:

1.“”抗原测试。”Unilabs。
2. “What Is Antibody (Serology) Testing。”UCLA Health.

Image Courtesy:

1.“”Covid19 Antigen Rapid Test Diagnostic (50688135107)” By dronepicr – Covid19 Antigen Rapid Test Diagnostic（CC由2.0）通过Commons Wikimedia
2. “HIV抗体测试套件（48140260338）” NIAID - HIV抗体测试套件（CC由2.0）通过Commons Wikimedia