Difference Between Thallus and Prothallus

Thekey difference在Thallus和Prothallus之间thallus is an undifferentiated filamentousgametophyteof algae, fungi, lichens, and some liverworts while prothallus is the heart-shaped gametophyte ofpteridophytessuch asclub mosses,horsetails, andferns。

Thallus is a non-differentiated plant body present in algae, fungi, lichens, and some liverworts. Prothallus, in contrast, is a heart-shaped thallus-like structure present in ferns. Both structures do not differentiate into root, stem or leaves. In prothallus,antheridia and archegoniaare present. Hence, they only reproduce sexually. These specialized sex organs are not present in thallus.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Thallus
3.什么是Prothallus
4.Similarities Between Thallus and Prothallus
5.Side by Side Comparison – Thallus vs Prothallus in Tabular Form
6.概括

What is Thallus?

thallus是一种通常在藻类中发现的非分化植物体。因此，thallus没有根，茎和叶。除藻类外，在真菌，一些肝脏和地衣上可以看到thallus。真菌thallus是mycelium。但是，在地衣中，thallus是营养的身体。

Thallus是配子体。它可能是单细胞或多细胞。此外，配子体繁殖性和无性恋。它不包含特殊的性器官花药和大规模的。即使Thallus在解剖学方面没有分化，也可以观察到可见和功能差异。例如，棕色藻类分为三个区域：固定快速，stipe和叶片。Holdfast锚固藻类，茎支撑叶片，叶片进行光合作用。

什么是Prothallus？

Prothallus is a heart-shaped gametophyte present in pteridophytes. It is a 2-5 mm wide photosynthetic structure. Prothallus is attached to the soil with the help of rhizoids. Ferns undergo alterations of generation during the life cycle. It is a fluctuation between diploid and haploid stages of pteridophyte life cycle.

The diploid sporophyte is the dominant stage. It produces spores underneath and gives rise to the gametophyte which is a prothallus. Prothallus is a multicellular structure. It contains both antheridia and archegonia. Hence, it reproduces sexually. Antheridia produce gametes. These gametes swim towards the ova in the archegonia for fertilization.

Thallus和Prothallus之间有什么相似之处？

• Both thallus and prothallus are not differentiated into root, stem or leaves.
• Moreover, both are photosynthetic structures.
• Besides, they produce gametes for sexual reproduction.
• Also, both of them are gametophytes.

What is the Difference Between Thallus and Prothallus?

Thallus and prothallus are undifferentiated structures. Thallus is a filamentous structure while prothallus is a heart-shaped thallus like body. So, this is the key difference between thallus and prothallus. Moreover, though both are gametophytes, thallus reproduces both sexually and asexually, but prothallus only undergoes sexual reproduction. Thus, this is also a difference between thallus and prothallus.

此外，Prothallus出现了专门的性器官的花药和大验证。但是Thallus没有这样的器官。因此，这是Thallus和Prothallus之间的另一个区别。同样，thallus和prothallus之间的另一个区别在于，thallus是单细胞或多细胞的，但胸骨仅是多细胞。此外，藻类，真菌，利弗沃特和地衣具有类似毛刺的结构，而蕨类植物，例如蕨类植物，俱乐部和马尾尾巴则具有胸骨。

下面的信息图表进一步描述了thallus和prothallus之间的差异。

概括– Thallus and Prothallus

Thallus and prothallus are undifferentiated structures in which true roots, stems or leaves are absent. Moreover, they are photosynthetic gametophytes. Thallus is a filamentous structure that we can commonly see in algae, fungi, liverworts, and lichens; they reproduce sexually and asexually. On the other hand, prothallus is a heart-shaped structure of pteridophytes. Additionally, prothallus is multicellular. Out of these two structures, only the prothallus contains antheridia and archegonia for sexual reproduction; however, sex organs are absent in the thallus. Thus, this summarizes the difference between thallus and prothallus.

Reference:

1. “Thallus.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 24 Feb. 2011,Available here。
2.“胸骨。”Wikipedia，Wikimedia基金会，2019年3月2日，Available here。

Image Courtesy:

1.“ Prothallus（Gametophyte）（Gametophyte）（8231437739）”，由澳大利亚悉尼的保罗·K（Paul K（CC由2.0）viaCommons Wikimedia
2.“绿藻(石莼diaphana);叶thallus and section Wellcome V0044187” ByWeclome系列(CC BY 4.0)viaCommons Wikimedia