Difference Between Bryophytes Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms

KeyDifference–苔藓植物vs孢子菌与裸子植物

王国植物是最广泛的王国之一，有30万种不同的物种。植物是真核生物的,multicellular,autotrophic能够光合作用的生物。该物种在植物王国下的演变是基于它们对陆地环境的适应性。植物王国下面有五个门-Bryophyta，门叶藻，门那叶藻，圆锥形细胞质，圆锥形细胞植物，门叶片状叶植物和天藻。染料植物和膀胱植物统称为裸子植物。苔藓植物是最初类型的植物，包括苔藓和利弗沃特。蕨类植物are placed under the phylum Pteridophyta.Conifers和包括包括植物的苏铁Cycas和Pinusrespectively are termed as Gymnosperms. Thekey differencebetween these three groupsis the habitat where they are grown. Bryophytes are adapted to grow in amphibious environments; Pteridophytes are adapted to terrestrial environments which are a moist and shady while, Gymnosperms are fully adapted to terrestrial environments.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What are Bryophytes
3.什么是孢子体
4.什么是裸子植物
5.苔藓植物翼展与裸子植物之间的相似之处
6.Side by Side Comparison – Bryophytes vs Pteridophytes vs Gymnosperms in Tabular Form
7.概括

What are Bryophytes?

苔藓植物are the most primitive type of plants in nature. They show heteromorphic alternation of generations. The gametophytic generation of bryophytes is dominant. Examples of Bryophyta areMarchantia和Poganatum。它们只会在非常潮湿的环境中生长。配子体是独立的，单倍体。It consists of a small stem with leaf-like projections which are termed as pseudo leaves or leafless flattened bodies. The plant is anchored by means of thread-like structures called rhizoids. The gametophyte reproduces sexually, giving rise to a diploidsporophyte。孢子体取决于。

苔藓植物fertilization is dependent on water. They depend usually on a film of water or the splashing of raindrops for the transfer of sperms towards the egg. Bryophytes consist of motile flagellate sperms which are directed to the archegonium. The fertilized egg (zygote) grows out of the配子体，这也是其营养的根源。

什么是孢子体?

孢子菌是最丰富的无种子血管蕨类植物。树蕨长到30 - 40英尺的高度。它们显示了世代和主要产生的异态交替，是孢子虫的产生。这些蕨类植物分布在潮湿的地方（例如，Nephrolepis) and in freshwater (freshwater fern, e.g.,Azolla）。

The sporophyte is independent and photosynthetic. It is differentiated into roots, stem, and leaves. Mechanical tissues and vascular tissues are present. However, in pteridophytes, vessel elements in木质部没有韧皮部组织中的组织和筛管元素和伴随细胞。叶子包含一个突出的角质层，气孔。将叶子排列为复合叶子，排列称为叶状排列。叶子显示循环脉络。

孢子体具有一个水平地下茎，称为根茎，根部从侧面浮出水面。叶子在叶子的底面。Sporangia被安排为已知的群体。这些孢子囊经历了减数分裂to produce haploid, homosporous spores which form the prothallus and mature into the gametophyte. Gametophyte is a flat, heart-shaped independent structure known as the thallus. It is photosynthetic and一材（花药和弓形虫处于相同的结构）。纪念碑是女性结构，并产生OVA。花药是男性结构，并产生多种鞭毛精子。受精取决于外水。受精后，合子发展成胚胎和孢子体

什么是裸子植物?

裸子植物是含种子的植物。种子缺乏外覆盖物，因此这些种子被称为赤裸的种子。这些是对陆地环境的高适应性的高级植物。两个主要的门落在小组的裸子植物之下。它们是cycadophyta和枝叶叶植物。两者都表现出世代相传的异态交替，而主要的产生是孢子虫的产生。苏铁的常见例子是Cycas针叶树的常见示例是Pinus。

These plants have a well-developed root system and are composed of vascular tissues, but no vessel elements in xylem tissue and no sieve tube elements and companion cells in phloem tissue. Gymnosperms do not depend on external water for fertilization, and the male sperms or gametes are transferred across the wind for fertilization. The male plant bears a cone at the apex of the stem. It consists of microsporophylls. Sori are found on the under the surface. Female plants have whirls of megasporophylls and 2-3 naked ovules are found on their two margins. Megaspore germinates and produces the female gametophyte within the ovule.

苔藓植物和裸子植物之间有什么相似之处？

• 所有人都是真核。
• All are multicellular.
• 所有都是光合作用的。
• All show heteromorphic alternation of generations.
• 他们不带鲜花。
• 它们不包含木质部组织中的血管元素，也不包含韧皮部组织中的筛管元素和伴随细胞。
• They do not contain fruits.

苔藓植物孢子体和裸子植物有什么区别？

苔藓植物与翼展
定义
苔藓植物	苔藓植物是包括苔藓和肝脏的最初类型的植物。
孢子菌素	孢子菌素包括蕨类植物。
裸子植物	裸子植物are seed-bearing plants and include cycads and conifers.
主导一代
苔藓植物	配子体是主要的苔藓植物。
孢子菌素	孢子体是翼展的主要产生。
裸子植物	孢子体是体育馆的主要一代。
孢子
苔藓植物	鞭毛
孢子菌素	鞭毛
裸子植物	非鞭毛可能带有纤毛。
Seeds
苔藓植物	缺席的
孢子菌素	缺席的
裸子植物	礼物 - 赤裸的种子
施肥的外水
苔藓植物	苔藓植物require external water for fertilization
孢子菌素	翼展需要外水才能受精
裸子植物	裸子植物不需要外水进行施肥
血管系统
苔藓植物	缺席的
孢子菌素	缺席的
裸子植物	Present

摘要 - 苔藓植物与翼龙vs裸子植物

Kingdom Plantae is a diverse kingdom consisting of different phyla. Bryophyta defines the most primitive class which have a dependent sporophyte and flagellated sperms suitable for fertilization which is dependent on external water medium. Pteridophytes belong to the class of fern plants and are of higher order composed of an independent sporophyte. Gymnosperms are nonflowering seed bearing plants which are much adapted for terrestrial environments and therefore have features for its survival in harsh weather conditions. This is the difference between bryophytes pteridophytes and gymnosperms.

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参考：

1.“苔藓植物。”哥伦比亚百科全书，第六版，百科全书。在这里可用
2.“裸子植物。”stuce.com。在这里可用
3.“Kingdom Plantae.”[电子邮件保护]在这里可用

Image Courtesy:

1.’苔藓植物。mahieddine boumendjel’by mahieddine boumendjel - 自己的工作，(CC BY-SA 3.0)通过Commons Wikimedia
2.’Starr 050407-6300 Unknown pteridophyte’By Forest & Kim Starr,(CC BY 3.0)通过Commons Wikimedia
3.’20120203 Fairchild Encephalartosferox Cutler P1180393’By Wendy Cutler - Flickr，（CC由2.0）通过Commons Wikimedia