Difference Between Radioactive and Nonradioactive Probes

Thekey difference在放射性和非放射性探针之间放射性探针是单链DNA or RNA序列是洛杉矶beled with放射性同位素而非放射活性探针是单链DNA或RNA序列，其标记为化学标签或A荧光标签。

Nucleic acid hybridization is an important technique in molecular biology, especially in microbial diagnosis. It helps to identify or detect a particular nucleic acid sequence. In this technique,核酸are fixed to a solid surface and hybridized with a probe. A probe is a fragment of DNA or RNA that is complementary to a sequence of interest. If the target sequence is present in the sample, the probe will hybridize with it and make it detectable. There are two types of probes as radioactive and nonradioactive probes. Therefore, we can tag the probes with a radioactive tag or a fluorescent tag.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What are Radioactive Probes
3.什么是非放射活性探针
4.Similarities Between Radioactive and Nonradioactive Probes
5。并排比较 - 放射性与非放射性探针的表格形式
6。概括

What are Radioactive Probes?

放射性探针是带有放射性标签的单链DNA或RNA片段。放射性同位素用于准备放射性探针。放射性同位素³²p，³³P and³⁵S are commonly used in the labeling of probes. Moreover, radioisotopes³手¹²⁵1 are also used to a lesser extent in the labeling of probes. But they are used for specific applications. Among different radioisotopes,³²P是标记放射性探针的最常用的同位素。

Radioactive probes provide a higher degree of reliability and specificity. Therefore, they provide maximum sensitivity and allow accurate quantification of target sequences. However, there are several disadvantages associated with radioactive probes. They have short half-lives. Moreover, they are hazardous and production, use and disposal are problematic when handling. In addition, radioactive probe preparation is a costly process. Therefore, due to the safety issues and cost, radioactive probes are not used as nonradioactive probes nowadays.

什么是非放射活性探针?

Nonradioactive probes are the second type of probes that are chemically labelled. Digoxigenin is a nonradioactive probe, which is an antibody-based marker. Digoxigenin probes are specific and sensitive. Biotin is another label used in nonradioactive probe preparation. Biotin/Streptavidin and Digoxigenin/Antibody-detection systems are the most commonly used nonradioactive probes in hybridization. Furthermore, horseradish peroxidase system is another nonradioactive probe system. Once these nonradioactive probes are hybridized with the target sequences, they can be detected via autoradiography or other imaging techniques.

与放射性探针相比，非放射活性探针在核酸杂交中更多地使用。这是因为非放射活性探针与危险材料无关。此外，非放射活性检测方法需要更短的暴露时间来检测杂交信号。但是，与非放射活性探针杂交涉及的步骤通常是乏味且耗时的。此外，市售的解决方案很昂贵。

放射性和非放射性探针之间有什么相似之处？

• Radioactive and nonradioactive probes are two types of probes used in nucleic acid hybridization.
• They facilitate the detection of target sequences in the sample.
• 两种类型的探针都同样敏感且具有特异性。

What is the Difference Between Radioactive and Nonradioactive Probes?

Radioactive probes are the single-stranded DNA or RNA sequences labeled with radioactive isotopes, while nonradioactive probes are the single-stranded DNA or RNA sequences labeled with a chemical tag. So, this is the key difference between radioactive and nonradioactive probes. Also, radioactive isotopes are hazardous. Hence, radioactive probes are considerably hazardous, while nonradioactive probes are not hazardous.

Moreover, another difference between radioactive and nonradioactive probes is their disadvantages. Short half-lives and the hazards associated with their production, use and disposal are the disadvantages of using radioactive probes. On the other hand, the steps involved in DNA hybridization with nonradioactive probes are usually tedious and time-consuming.

Below infographic shows more comparisons related to the difference between radioactive and nonradioactive probes.

摘要 - 放射性与非放射性探针

探针是DNA或RNA的片段，其中包含核苷酸序列，该序列与感兴趣序列相辅相成。为了检测目标序列，探针可以在放射性，荧光或化学上被标记。探针与样品中的互补序列结合。放射性探针用放射性同位素标记，而非放射活性探针则用生物素，二高氧素或辣根过氧化物酶标记。因此，这是放射性和非放射活性探针之间的关键区别。

Reference:

1. “Hybridization Probe”. En.Wikipedia.Org, 2020,Available here.

Image Courtesy:

1. “Results of in situ hybridization of chromosome X and Y BAC probes” By Joanne H. Hsu, Hui Zeng, Kalistyn H. Lemke, Aris A. Polyzos, Jingly F. Weier, Mei Wang, Anna R. Lawin-O’Brien, Heinz-Ulrich G. Weier and Benjamin O’Brien – Joanne H. Hsu et al. “Chromosome-Specific DNA Repeats: Rapid Identification in Silico and Validation Using Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization” Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2013, 14(1), 57-71; doi:10.3390/ijms14010057(CC BY 3.0)通过Commons Wikimedia