直接和间接COOMBS测试之间的差异

Key Difference – Direct vs Indirect Coombs Test

COOMBS测试是一种用于诊断的血液测试贫血conditions. It detects the presence of some抗体produced by the immune system. These antibodies are able to destroyred blood cellsin the blood, causing low red blood cell counts. Hence, the presence of antibodies indicates the presence of red blood cell attackers, which can lead to anemia conditions. Two types of Coombs test are available to detect these antibodies. They are direct and indirect Coombs test.The direct Coombs test is done on a sample of red blood cells to detect antibodies that are already attached to red blood cells. The indirect Coombs test is done to the liquid part of the blood (serum) to detect antibodies that are present in the bloodstream and could bind to certain red blood cells which can cause problems during blood transfusions.This is the key difference between direct and indirect coombs tests.

内容
1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Direct Coombs Test
3.什么是间接COOMBS测试
4.并排比较 - 直接与间接COOMBS测试
5。概括

什么是直接COOMBS测试？

某些抗体能够破坏一个人的红细胞，导致血液中的红细胞水平低。COOMBS测试是一种免疫测试，可以检测这些抗球蛋白，主要是Iggalloantibodies, IgG autoantibodies or complement components present in the blood. Coombs test follows two main methods, namely direct and indirect coombs tests. Direct coombs test is performed to detect the antiglobulins attached to the surface of the red blood cells. It is a simple test which gives quick results. A blood sample is taken from the patient and treated with coombsserum（抗人球蛋白）。抗人球蛋白有助于红细胞之间的联系agglutinationof the cells. Agglutination of the blood indicates positive results for the coombs test. It reveals the presence of antibodies attached to red blood cells surface antigens.

什么是间接COOMBS测试?

Indirect Coombs test detects the presence of antiglobulin antibodies in the blood plasma (serum) which are responsible for red blood cell agglutination andlysis。该测试可以揭示存在与红细胞表面未结合的抗体的存在。重要的是要在输血之前检测血清中存在的这些抗体，以防止输血的血液破坏并为输血制备。

间接COOMBS测试在输血之前如下如下。

1. Serum is obtained from the blood sample taken from the recipient.
2. 血清与供体的血液样本孵育。
3. Antihuman globulins (coombs reagent) are added to the sample.
4. 观察到血液的凝聚。

If the recipient serum contains antibodies, they bind to the antigens present on the surface of the red blood cells of the donor and formsantigen-antibody复合物。如果将COOMBS抗体添加到样品中时发生凝聚，则间接COOMBS测试为阳性。它揭示了负责红细胞自身溶血的抗体的存在。

What is the difference between Direct and Indirect Coombs Test?

Direct vs Indirect Coombs Test
Direct coombs test detects the presence of the antibodies attached to the surface of the red blood cells.	Indirect coombs test detects the antibodies present in the serum which are not bound to the red blood cells.
使用频率
This type is more common.	间接COOMBS测试很少进行。
Importance
Direct coombs test is important to diagnose autoimmune hemolytic anemia.	间接COOMBS测试对于在输血之前对孕妇的产前测试很重要。
Detection in在vivo or体外
直接COOMBS测试可以检测到体内抗原抗体相互作用。	Indirect coombs test can detect体外抗原抗体相互作用

概括– Direct vs Indirect Coombs Test

Coombs test is an immunological tool which identifies the autoimmune hemolysis of red blood cells due to the presence of antiglobulins in the blood. Coombs test is also known as agglutination test since the final observation is the agglutination of the red blood cells. There are two main types of the coombs test: direct and indirect. Direct coombs test is preformed to detect antiglobulins attached to red blood cell surfaces and their interactions体内。Indirect coombs test is performed to detect the presence of antiglobulins in the serum in unbound state and to detect their interactions体外with Coombs’ antihuman globulins. This is the main difference between direct and indirect Coombs test.

参考：
1.Zarandona、j·曼努埃尔和马克h . yaze。“role of the Coombs test in evaluating hemolysis in adults.” CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association Journal. Canadian Medical Association, 31 Jan. 2006. Web. 29 Mar. 2017
2. “Direct Antiglobulin Testing.” Overview, Clinical Indications/Applications, Test Performance. N.p., 08 Feb. 2017. Web. 29 Mar. 2017
3. Angelis，V。de，C。Biasinutto，P。Pradella，E。Vaccher，M。Spina和U. Tirelli。“阳性直接抗球蛋白测试对HIV感染抗抗球蛋白抗球蛋白测试的临床意义，抗脱脂抗抗蛋白酶HIV-INFIZIERTEN患者。”Springerlink。Springer-Verlag，n.d。网络。2017年3月29日。

Image Courtesy:
1. A. rad〜Commonswiki假定的“ COOMBS测试示意图”（基于版权主张）。- 假定自己的工作（基于版权索赔）(CC BY-SA 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia