可塑性和弹性之间的差异

可塑性与弹性

弹性和可塑性是在材料科学和经济学下讨论的两个概念。可塑性是材料或系统的属性，使其可以不可逆转地变形。弹性是系统或材料的属性，使其可以可逆地变形。可塑性和弹性在材料科学，工程，经济学，数学建模以及任何其他涉及设计和开发机械对象等领域中都起着重要作用。在本文中，我们将讨论什么是可塑性和弹性，它们的应用，可塑性和弹性的定义，相似性以及可塑性和弹性之间的差异。

弹性

弹性是与材料变形直接相关的概念。当将外部应力施加到固体上时，身体倾向于将自己拉开。这导致晶格中原子之间的距离增加。每个原子都试图尽可能靠近其邻居。这导致试图抵抗变形的力。这种力被称为应变。如果绘制了应力与应变的图，则该图将是线性的，对于某些较低的应变值。该线性区域是对象弹性变形的区域。弹性变形总是可逆的。它是使用胡克定律计算的。 The Hooke’s law states that for the elastic range of the material applied stress is equal to the product of the Young’s modulus and the strain of the material. The elastic deformation of a solid is a reversible process, when the applied stress is removed the solid returns to its original state. Elasticity is also discussed mathematical modeling to denote reversibly changeable boundaries.

可塑性

可塑性是一个概念与the plastic deformation. When the plot of stress versus strain is linear, the system is said to be in the elastic state. However, when the stress is high the plot passes a small jump on the axes. This limit is when it becomes a plastic deformation. This limit is known as the yield strength of the material. Plastic deformation occurs mostly due to the sliding of two layers of the solid. This sliding process is not reversible. The plastic deformation is sometimes known as the irreversible deformation, but actually some modes of plastic deformation are reversible. After the yield strength jump, the stress versus strain plot becomes a smooth curve with a peak. The peak of this curve is known as the ultimate strength. After the ultimate strength, the material begins to “neck” making unevenness of the density over length. This makes very low density areas in the material making it easily breakable. Plastic deformation is used in metal hardening to pack the atoms thoroughly.

可塑性和弹性有什么区别？ •可塑性是导致对象或系统上不可逆变形的属性。这种变形可能是由力和影响引起的。 •弹性是对象或系统的属性，使它们可以可逆地变形。弹性变形可能是由力和影响引起的。 •一个物体必须通过弹性变形阶段才能进入塑性变形阶段。