Difference Between Lysosomes and Ribosomes

Thekey difference在溶酶体和核糖体之间the lysosomes are the cell sites of degrading garbage while the ribosomes are the cell sites of synthesizing proteins.

A cell has different components, and these components play different roles within the cell that aid the survival of living organisms. Among the different cell components, lysosomes and ribosomes are two important cell components. These two structures fulfil two different functions in the cell. Hence, both are vital for cell functioning. Lysosomes contain a variety ofdigestive enzymes这有助于降低细胞内部积累的不良事物。另一方面，核糖体至关重要蛋白质合成. Though they are essential cell components, lysosomes are present only in真核细胞核糖体存在于真核细胞和原核细胞中。

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What are Lysosomes
3.What are Ribosomes
4.溶酶体和核糖体之间的相似性
5。Side by Side Comparison – Lysosomes vs Ribosomes in Tabular Form
6。概括

什么是溶酶体？

After all the hard work, cells need to get rid of all accumulated garbage inside them. Hence, cells carry out this task by getting help from lysosomes. Lysosomes are the cell organelles considered as garbage disposal system of cells. Thus, they are membrane-bound sacs containing various digestive enzymes that degrade unwanted and digestible materials. Also, lysosomes help in degrading the worn out organelles such as mitochondria.

Belgian scientist Christian de Duve discovered this interesting cell organelle in 1949. Lysosomes maintain slightly acidic environments within them. Therefore, all the digestive enzymes of lysosomes work at acidic pH. Hence, they are acid hydrolases. Moreover, lysosomes contain nearly 50 different digestive enzymes for the degradation of materials.

What are Ribosomes?

Ribosomes are the protein-synthesising machines of the cell. They are small structures composed ofribosomal RNA和蛋白质。细胞需要蛋白质生长,生存and aid in many cellular functions. Thus, all cellular activities require proteins. Hence, a single cell contains millions of ribosomes inside it.

Moreover, ribosomes can be found anywhere around the cell. They can be seen floating in the cytoplasm, or they can be found on the endoplasmic reticulum. And also they are present within the certain cell organelles such as chloroplasts and mitochondria.

Furthermore, a ribosome has two subunits that come together when it is the time to make proteins. Prokaryotic cells have 70S ribosomes composed of 50S and 30S subunits. On the other hand, eukaryotic ribosomes are the 80S. They contain the 40S and 60S subunits. Therefore, when comparing the sizes of prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes, eukaryotic ribosomes are larger than the prokaryotic ribosomes. But they carry out the same function which is the protein synthesis.

What are the Similarities Between Lysosomes and Ribosomes?

• Lysosomes and ribosomes are two cell components.
• 两者都存在于真核细胞中。
• Furthermore, they carry out essential functions in the cell.
• Also, both are situated in the cytoplasm of the cell.

What is the Difference Between Lysosomes and Ribosomes?

Lysosomes are cellular machines that destroy cell garbage while ribosomes are cellular machines that synthesize proteins from RNA molecules. Hence, this is the key difference between lysosomes and ribosomes. Furthermore, lysosomes contain an array of digestive enzymes that are capable of degrading all types of polymers of the cell while ribosomes do not contain digestive enzymes. Thus, this is a significant difference between lysosomes and ribosomes.

Another difference between lysosomes and ribosomesis that the lysosomes are present in many animal cells and most plant cells while ribosomes are found in all animal and plant cells. However, prokaryotic cells do not have lysosomes, but they have ribosomes.

The following infographic presents more information regarding the difference between lysosomes and ribosomes.

概括– Lysosomes vs Ribosomes

总结溶酶体和核糖体之间的差异；溶酶体是膜结合的细胞细胞器，能够分解细胞中所有类型的聚合物（蛋白质，DNA，RNA，多糖，脂质等）。这种能力是由于它们拥有的大量消化酶（约50种不同的消化酶）。在细胞内，它们显示为密集的球形囊泡。另一方面，核糖体是由核糖体RNA和蛋白质组成的小结构。它们是使细胞所必需的所有蛋白质的细胞机。一个细胞在细胞质中包含数百万个核糖体，附着于ER的膜，叶绿体和线粒体内。

Reference:

1.Cooper, Geoffrey M. “Lysosomes.” Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports., U.S. National Library of Medicine, 1 Jan. 1970.Available here
2. Nature News，Nature Publishing Group。Available here

Image Courtesy:

1. lysosome21“ Gevictor - 自己的作品，(CC BY-SA 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia
2.”Celltypes”By Science Primer (National Center for Biotechnology Information). (Public Domain) viaCommons Wikimedia