之间的区别Ketosis and Ketogenesis

这关键区别酮症和酮症发生之间ketosis is the metabolic state that indicates elevated levels of酮身体在血液或尿液中，生酮发生是生物化学过程，其中生物通过分解而产生酮体fatty acidsand酮氨基酸。

真核细胞通过不同的过程（例如光合作用，糖酵解，柠檬酸循环和氧化磷酸化）来产生能量。这些过程导致富含能量的分子，例如ATP和NADH。有机体获得不同的来源，例如Direct Sunlight，Co₂and organic food molecules, etc., from the environment in order to produce energy. Ketosis and ketogenesis are two processes related to energy production in cells.

CONTENTS

1。概述和关键差异
2。What is Ketosis
3。What is Ketogenesis
4。酮症和酮症发生之间的相似之处
5。Side by Side Comparison – Ketosis vs Ketogenesis in Tabular Form
6.Summary

什么是酮症？

酮症是一种正常的生理状况，其特征是血清酮升高和正常血糖。在这种情况下，血液pH值也保持正常。体内酮体的产生增加是由于葡萄糖的可用性低。因此，酮体生产的增加为大脑创造了替代能源。这种情况可能是低碳水化合物饮食或禁食的结果。当生理酮症酸中毒是限制碳水化合物饮食（生酮饮食）的结果时，有时被称为营养酮症。在酮症中，血液中的酮水平通常保持在3毫米以下。

Ketogenic diets can help lose weight. In short, it loses weight very quickly since it reduces the body’s stores of glycogen and water. In the long term, ketogenic diets suppress appetite, leading to low-calorie intake. Sometimes, ketosis has several health benefits, such as reduced seizures in children with epilepsy. Over-the-counter supplements are reported to raise ketone levels in the body, and they come as pills, powders, oils, and other forms. In ketosis, the liver rapidly breaks down fatty acids into acetyl-CoA. The acetyl-CoA molecules can then be converted into ketone bodies such as acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone, etc. These ketone bodies can serve as an energy source and signalling molecules.

What is Ketogenesis?

生酮发生是生化过程。生物通过分解脂肪酸和生酮氨基酸来产生酮体。该过程为大脑，心脏和骨骼肌肉等某些器官提供能量。这个过程甚至在特定条件下进行，包括禁食，热量限制，睡眠或其他情况。糖异生不足会导致过度的生酮发生和低血糖。它最终导致危及生命的疾病，称为非糖尿病性酮症酸中毒。

酮体不得由脂肪酸制成。仅在碳水化合物和蛋白质功能不全的情况下合成大量的酮体，在这种情况下，只有脂肪酸可以作为酮体生产的燃料可用。生酮发生在健康的个体中不断发生。该过程由称为AMPK的主调节蛋白的控制。它在代谢胁迫（例如碳水化合物功能不全时）激活。乙醇是AMPK中有效的抑制剂。

What are the Similarities Between Ketosis and Ketogenesis?

• 这些过程产生酮体。
• Both processes take place in situations such as carbohydrate restriction, fasting, excessive exercise, etc.
• 脂肪酸参与这两个过程。
• 这两个过程都为大脑提供替代能源。

酮症和生酮发生有什么区别？

Ketosis is the metabolic state characterized by elevated levels of ketone bodies in the blood or urine. On the other hand, ketogenesis is the biochemical process where organisms produce ketone bodies by breaking down fatty acids and ketogenic amino acids. So, this is the key difference between ketosis and ketogenesis. Moreover, another important difference between ketosis and ketogenesis is that ketosis is a metabolic process, while ketogenesis is a biochemical process.

下面的信息图显示了酮症和酮症形式之间的差异。

摘要 - 酮症与生酮发生

酮症是一种代谢过程，其中人体会产生酮体，以用某些器官（例如大脑）用作燃料。它的特征是血清酮升高，正常血糖和正常的血液pH值。因此，在禁食，饥饿等条件下，可以为器官保留糖原。在遵循生酮减肥饮食时，酮症也会发生。在酮症中，维持人体的酸碱稳态。相反，生酮发生是生物化学过程，生物体通过分解脂肪酸和生酮氨基酸来产生酮体。该工艺在特定条件下为某些器官提供能源，例如禁食，热量限制，睡眠或其他器官。糖异生不足和过度酮症发生会导致非糖尿病性酮症酸中毒。因此，这是酮症和酮症发生之间差异的摘要。

参考：

1。Khatri, Minesh. “Ketosis: Definition, Keto Diet, Symptoms, and Side Effects.” WebMD, WebMD, 15 May 2020,在这里可用。
2。Dhillon, Kiranjit K. “Biochemistry, Ketogenesis.” StatPearls [Internet]., U.S. National Library of Medicine, 17 Feb. 2021,在这里可用。

图片提供：

1。“Ketones” By Zachary P. Christensen – Own work（CC BY-SA 4.0）通过下议院维基梅迪亚
2. “Ketogenesis” By Sav vas – Own workSources:File:Ketogenesis.pngFile:Acetyl-CoA.svgFile:Acetoacetyl-CoA.svgFile:Aceton.svgFile:Acetoacetate to beta-hydroxybutyrate.svgFile:HMG coenzyme A.svg (CC0)通过下议院维基梅迪亚