Thekey difference between mercury cell and diaphragm cellis that a mercury cell usually needs a higher voltage and more energy compared to a diaphragm cell.
We can use mercury cells, diaphragm cells, and membrane cells to produce氯和苛性苏打on an industrial scale. In all methods, the basis is to electrolyze氯化钠solution.
内容
1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is a Mercury Cell
3.What is a Diaphragm Cell
4.Mercury Cell vs Diaphragm Cell in Tabular Form
5。摘要 - 汞细胞与膜片细胞
What is a Mercury Cell?
A mercury cell or mercury battery is an electrochemical battery that is non-rechargeable. We can categorize it as a原代细胞也被称为mercuric oxide battery,button cell， 和Ruben-Mallory。通常，汞电池使用碱性电解质中的氧化汞和锌电极之间的反应。当电池的放电几乎保持恒定时，汞电池的电压为1.35伏。在这里，容量远大于相同尺寸的锌碳电池。即使在过去，这些电池也被用作手表，助听器，相机和计算器的按钮单元。
The cathode of the mercury cell is typically either pure mercury(II) oxide or a mixture of mercury(II) oxide with manganese dioxide. However, mercuric oxide is a non-conductor. Therefore, we need to mix graphite with it to prevent the collection of mercury into large droplets. Besides, the anode of this cell is basically made of zinc, and it separates from the cathode via a layer of paper of a porous material that is soaked with electrolyte. We call this a salt bridge. Moreover, the electrolyte of the mercury cell is either sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
当反对sidering the electrical features of a mercury cell, if the cathode is mercuric oxide, those cells have a very flat discharge curve which can hold the voltage at 1.35 V until the last 5% of the life of the cell. Moreover, the voltage remains within 1% for several years at light load. On the other hand, mercury cells with the mercuric oxide and manganese dioxide cathode have 1.4 V output and a more sloped discharge curve.
什么是隔膜细胞？
A diaphragm cell is an electrolytic cell useful in producing sodium hydroxide and chlorine from sodium chloride brine. A diaphragm cell involves the flowing of the brine solution (that is introduced into the anode) from the anode area to the cathode area via the permeable diaphragm. In this process, the anode area is separated from the cathode area via a permeable diaphragm. However, the diaphragm cell shows less energy efficiency, low environmental friendliness, and low purity of the product. In comparison to this cell, the membrane cell is an optimized process.
Generally, a diaphragm cell is made from a porous mixture of asbestos and polymers. The solution inside the cell can seep through this material from the anode compartment to the cathode compartment. We can use this cell to get chlorine from the electrolyzing of sodium chloride solution. The anode is usually titanium, and the cathode is steel. Chlorine comes from the anode, while hydrogen comes from the cathode. Furthermore, the solution coming out from the cathode is a sodium hydroxide solution that is contaminated with sodium chloride. In order to make sure the liquid flow only occurs from anode to cathode, the anode compartment always has more liquid.
汞细胞和隔膜细胞有什么区别？
Mercury cell and diaphragm cell are two of three major cells that we can use to manufacture chlorine as well as caustic soda. The key difference between mercury cell and diaphragm cell is that a mercury cell usually needs a higher voltage and more energy compared to a diaphragm cell. A mercury cell typically has a zinc anode and a cathode made of either pure mercury(II) oxide or a mixture of mercury(II) oxide with manganese dioxide. A diaphragm cell, on the other hand, has a titanium anode and a steel cathode.
以下信息图显示了表格形式的汞细胞和隔膜细胞之间的差异，以进行并排比较。
摘要 - 汞细胞与膜片细胞
Mercury cells and diaphragm cells are two cells we can use to manufacture chlorine and caustic soda. The key difference between mercury cell and diaphragm cell is that a mercury cell usually needs a higher voltage and more energy compared to a diaphragm cell.
Reference:
1.“”Diaphragm Cell and Membrane Cell。”The Diaphragm and Membrane Cells for the Manufacture of Chlorine。化学指南。
Image Courtesy:
1.“”Mercury battery2“通过SVG导数Rehua,原始的泰德·安卡拉学院图书馆和信息中心- 英文Wikipedia（受版权保护的自由使用）通过Commons Wikimedia
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