关键区别 - HFR vs f+菌株
Bacterial共轭是一种方法有性繁殖in bacteria and is considered as one mode of水平基因转移在细菌中。在两种细菌中,一种细菌可能具有生育因子或F质粒,第二个细菌缺乏F质粒。在细菌结合期间,F质粒通常转移到受体细菌中,而不是整个chromosome。拥有F质粒的细菌称为F+菌株或供体。他们有能力形成性行为并转移plasmids到其他细菌接收他们。F质粒is free in thecytoplasm。Sometimes, F plasmid integrates into the bacterial chromosome and produce重组脱氧核糖核酸。具有f质粒的细菌被整合到其染色体中,称为高频重组菌株或HFR菌株。F+菌株和HFR之间的关键区别在于F+菌株在细胞质中有F质粒,而无需整合到细菌染色体中尽管HFR菌株的F质粒整合到其染色体上。
CONTENTS
1。概述和关键差异
2。What are F+ Strains
3。什么是HFR菌株
4。并排比较 - 表格形式的HFR vs f+应变
5.Summary
What are F+ Strains?
一些细菌菌株除染色体外具有F质粒。这些菌株称为F+菌株。它们充当细菌结合中的供体细胞或雄性。细菌结合是细菌显示的一种有性繁殖机制,可促进细菌之间的水平基因转移。F质粒可以独立复制并包含生育因子编码基因。因此这些外染色体DNA(plasmids)由于F因子或生育因子而命名为F质粒。生育因子编码基因对于转移或结合至关重要。从F+菌株接收F质粒的细菌菌株称为F菌株或受体菌株或女性。F+菌株可以将其遗传物质或外染色体外DNA捐赠给另一种细菌。
细菌结合始于通过F+菌株生产性pili以与F-细菌接触。性别菌毛通过形成结合管来促进细胞与细胞通信和接触。该形成受f+菌株承担的生育因子基因的控制。F+复制其F质粒,并使其副本转移到F菌株中。通过共轭管转移复制的F质粒到F菌株。一旦转移,共轭管就会解离。接受者应变变为F+。在细菌结合期间,仅F质粒从F+应变转移到F-菌株。细菌染色体未转移。
什么是HFR菌株?
将F质粒整合到染色体中的细菌菌株称为high-frequency recombination strainsorHfr strains。In Hfr strains, F plasmid does not exist freely in the cytoplasm. F plasmid combines with bacterial chromosome and exists as one unit. This recombined DNA is known as high-frequency DNA or Hfr DNA. In other words, it is a bacterial strain which possesses Hfr DNA as a Hfr strain. Since Hfr strain has F plasmid or fertility factor it can act as a donor or male bacterium in bacterial conjugation. These Hfr strains attempt to transfer the entire DNA or a big part of DNA to recipient bacterium through a mating bridge. Some parts of bacterial chromosome or the entire chromosome can also be copied and transferred to the recipient bacterium when Hfr strain is involved is conjugation. Such Hfr strains are very useful in studying gene连锁和重组。因此,分子生物学家和遗传学家使用细菌的HFR菌株(通常是大肠杆菌)来研究遗传联系并绘制染色体。
当受体细菌通过细菌结合与HFR菌株交配后接受三种类型的DNA时,就会发生高频重组。这三种类型是其自己的染色体DNA,F质粒DNA和供体染色体DNA的某些部分。由于这个原因,这种细菌被称为HFR菌株。HFR菌株也可以定义为F+菌株的衍生物。
F质粒s can integrate into bacterial chromosome and disintegrate back from the host chromosome. During disintegration, F plasmid can pick some genes near it from the host chromosome. Hfr bacterial strains which disintegrate with some host genes next to F plasmid integration sites are known as F’ strains.
HFR和F+菌株有什么区别?
HFR vs f+菌株 |
|
HFr strains are bacterial strains with Hfr DNA or F plasmid DNA integrated into bacterial chromosomes. | Bacterial strains which contain F plasmids are known as F+ strains. F plasmids contain fertility factor coding genes. |
生育因素 | |
生育力质粒整合到HFR细胞中的宿主细胞染色体DNA中。 | Fertility plasmid is independent of chromosome in F+ cells |
Efficiency | |
Hfr are very efficient donors. | 与HFR菌株相比,F+细胞效率较低。 |
摘要 - HFR vs f+菌株
Bacterial strains which have F plasmids are characterized as F+ strains. F plasmids contain a fertility factor or F factor which is essential for bacterial conjugation. These bacteria are able to transfer their F plasmid into bacteria which lack F plasmids. Once these F plasmids enter into recipient bacterium, it can exist independently or it can integrate with bacterial chromosome. Integrated F plasmid DNA and chromosomal DNA is known as Hfr DNA. Bacterial strains which bear Hfr DNA or F plasmid DNA integrated into bacterial chromosomes are known as HFr strains. This is the main difference between F+ and Hfr strains.
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参考:
1。Griffiths, Anthony JF. “Solved Problems.” An Introduction to Genetic Analysis. 7th edition. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 01 Jan. 1970. Web.在这里可用。2017年6月1日。
2.“ HFR细胞。”维基百科。Wikimedia基金会,2016年12月30日。在这里可用。2017年6月1日。
图片提供:
1。“Conjugation” By Adenosine – Own work (CC BY-SA 3.0) via下议院维基梅迪亚[Cropped and Relabeled]
2.用户的“质粒复制(英语)”:spaully - 自己的工作,cc by-sa 2.5)下议院维基梅迪亚[Cropped and Relabeled]
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