营地和CGMP之间的差异

关键区别 - 营地与CGMP

第二使者是接收并传递信号从受体到靶分子内部的分子。Cyclic adenosine monophosphate（营地）和cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP) are prominent second messengers in the brain. They are involved with diverse biological responses occurring in the brain. These two molecules are components in the signal transduction pathway which can amplify the strength of the signal and transfer to the target cells. Upon receiving a signal by the receptors, the concentration of these molecules in the cell increases and leads to the alteration of one or more酶在细胞中。营地和CGMP之间的关键区别在于营is synthesized from theATP通过细胞膜中G蛋白的激活刺激了通过腺苷酸环化酶和CAMP合成尽管cGMP is synthesized from GTP by guanylyl cyclase and is activated by nitric oxides.

CONTENTS
1。概述和关键差异
2。What is cAMP
3。什么是CGMP
4。并排比较 - 营地与CGMP
5。Summary

什么是营地？

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a second messenger that is essential for many biological processes occurring in the cells. It is a cyclic核苷酸来自ATP。它本质上是亲水性的。CAMP用于许多不同生物体的细胞内信号转导。cAMP合成是由称为腺苷环酶在该酶中催化的cell membrane。营mediates the signaling pathway which is coupled with G proteins in the cell membrane. When a signaling molecule binds to the receptors of the G protein, it activates and induces the adenylyl cyclase enzyme. Then the enzyme converts ATP into cAMP in the presence of Mg²⁺离子。CAMP通过充当G蛋白和靶分子之间的第二个信使来介导信号传输。CAMP能够扩增信号强度并激活细胞中不同蛋白激酶A酶。这种依赖营地的途径对于许多生物和许多细胞过程都很重要。它也称为G蛋白偶联受体触发的信号级联。信号传输后，由于不需要进一步需要去除或降解营地。最常见的cAMP通过细胞中的磷酸二酯酶转化为5'AMP。

什么是CGMP？

环状鸟苷单磷酸（CGMP）是在细胞信号通路中发现的另一种类型的信。它是源自GTP的亲水分子。CGMP合成是由细胞中称为鸟叶烯基环酶的酶催化的。CGMP主要是通过激活细胞内蛋白激酶来充当细胞通信的第二信使。响应信号（一氧化氮或膜不渗透肽激素）鸟叶基环酶将GTP转换为CGMP，以激活蛋白激酶。该过程称为CGMP依赖性途径，它并不像单元中的CAMP依赖性途径以进行信号传输。通过磷酸二酯酶将CGMP转化回GTP，并从系统中取出。

营地和CGMP有什么区别？

营地与CGMP
营地是从ATP合成的。	CGMP是从GTP合成的。
催化合成的酶
Synthesis is catalyzed by adenylyl cyclase.	Synthesis is catalyzed by guanylyl cyclase.
在细胞中的存在
与CGMP相比，这显示出大多数组织的浓度更高	This shows a lower concentration in most tissues.

Summary – cAMP vs cGMP

营和cGMP亲水环核苷酸mportant in cells as second messengers in cell communication. These molecules receive and pass signals from receptors to target molecules inside the cell. cAMP and cGMP are more prominent in the brain and involved with diverse biological responses occurring in the brain. Both are able to regulate the activity of neurons, control metabolic processes, facilitate chemical and electrical signaling cascades, etc. They are also capable of activating ion channels and several protein kinases. The difference between cAMP and cGMP is that cAMP is a derivative of ATP while the cGMP is a derivative of GTP.

References
1. Duman，RonaldS。“ CAMP和CGMP的功能角色。”基本神经化学：分子，细胞和医学方面。第六版。美国国家医学图书馆，1999年1月1日。2017年4月5日
2. Fajardo，Alexandra M.，Gary A. Piazza和Heather N. Tinsley。“环状核苷酸信号通路在癌症中的作用：预防和治疗的靶标。”癌症。MDPI，2014年3月。2017年4月5日

图片提供：
1。“CREB cAMP neuron pathway” By Evrae8 – Own work（CC BY-SA 4.0）通过下议院维基梅迪亚