Difference Between Glyoxysomes and Peroxisomes

The key difference between glyoxysomes and peroxisomes is thatglyoxysomes are present only in plant cells and filamentous fungi while peroxisomes are present in almost all真核细胞.Glyoxysomes are abundant in plant cells of germinating seeds while peroxisomes are abundant in liver and kidney cells.

这两个细胞器是真核细胞中存在的微生物。乙氧基体是仅在植物细胞和丝状真菌中发现的专门过氧化物酶体。过氧化物酶体是有助于分解长时间的细胞器fatty acidchains and detoxify the cell. They degrade alcohols and other harmful compounds.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What are Glyoxysomes
3.什么是过氧化物酶体
4.Similarities Between Glyoxysomes and Peroxisomes
5.Side by Side Comparison – Glyoxysomes vs Peroxisomes in Tabular Form
6.概括

What are Glyoxysomes?

Glyoxysomes are a specialized form of peroxysomes present in plant cells, notably in the cells of germinating seeds. They are also present in filamentous fungi. Harry Beevers discovered this organelle in 1961.

糖明的主要功能是形成的催化acetyl CoAfrom fatty acids stored within germinating seeds. Hence, some key enzymes of glyoxylate cycle are present in this organelle. They are isocitrate lyase and malate synthase. Furthermore, they contain some enzymes of gluconeogenesis pathway as well. This organelle also helps in photorespiration and nitrogen metabolism in root nodules.

什么是过氧化物酶体?

Peroxysomes are sub-cellular organelles present in most eukaryotic organisms including fungi, protozoa, plants, and animals. Christian de Duve identified this organelle in 1967. They help in the breakdown of toxic compounds (Ex: H₂O₂) of the cells that can cause damages. In addition, they degrade alcohols and fatty acids as well. For this purpose, this organelle contains enzymes such as oxidases, peroxidase, catalase, etc.

Moreover, peroxisomes also have a role in the formation of phospholipids that are essential for the development of myelin sheaths around the axons.

What are the Similarities Between Glyoxysomes and Peroxisomes?

• Glyoxysomes and peroxisomes are subcellular organelles.
• They are capable of respiration.
• Both organelles contain enzymes of glyoxylate pathway.
• They are present in major groups of eukaryotic organisms.
• They are spherical or oval in shape.
• Both these organelles are microbodies.

乙醛酸循环体之间的区别是什么nd Peroxisomes?

乙氧基体与过氧化物酶体
Glyoxysomesare specialized peroxysomes that are present in plants and filamentous fungi.	Peroxisomesare single membrane bound organelles found in most of the eukaryotic cells.
Prime Function
从脂肪酸中存储在发芽种子中的脂肪酸中乙酰coa的催化	通过β-氧化对非常长的链脂肪酸的分解
在场
存在于植物细胞和丝状真菌中	Present in most eukaryotic cells including fungi, plants, animals, protozoa, etc.
Detoxification
Do not detoxify alcohols and toxic compounds	Detoxification is done by peroxisomes
在场in Liver and Kidney Cells
Not present in liver and kidney cells	肝脏和肾细胞丰富
在场in Germinating Seeds
Notably found in germinating seeds	Not present in germinating seeds
将脂肪转化为碳水化合物
Able to convert stored fats into carbohydrates	Unable to convert fats into carbohydrates

概括– Glyoxysomes vs Peroxisomes

乙氧基体和过氧化物酶体是两种类型的细胞器或囊泡。在发芽种子的植物细胞中明显观察到乙二醇。他们能够将脂肪转化为糖。过氧化物酶体是破坏长脂肪链的另一种微型生物。此外，它们有助于排毒有害化合物。这是乙醛酸和过氧化物酶体之间的差异。

Reference:

1.“乙氧基体。”埃及医学人类遗传学杂志，Elsevier，Available here.
2. “Peroxisome.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 26 Apr. 2018,Available here.

Image Courtesy:

1. “Glyoxysome” By Gevictor – Own work(CC BY-SA 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia
2. Agateller的“过氧化物酶体”(CC BY-SA 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia