染色体带和染色体绘画之间的区别

这关键区别在染色体带和染色体绘画之间染色体条带是一种染色技术，它在可区分的黑暗和光带中显示染色体区域，但染色体绘画是一种杂交技术，其中特定区域或染色体的特定区域或片段用序列特异性荧光标记的探针绘制。

在细胞遗传学中，有必要产生可见的核型为了鉴定染色体及其畸变。染色体带和染色体绘画是两个cytogenetic有助于可视化染色体的技术。两种技术都可以识别遗传疾病。

CONTENTS

1。概述和关键差异
2。什么是染色体带
3。什么是染色体绘画
4。染色体带和染色体绘画之间的相似之处
5。Side by Side Comparison – Chromosome Banding vs Chromosome Painting in Tabular Form
6.Summary

什么是染色体带？

Chromosome banding is a staining technique that displays alternating light and dark bands or regions along the length of a chromosome. A band refers to a part of a chromosome that is clearly distinguishable from its adjacent segments by appearing darker or lighter. In order to produce dark and light bands, it is necessary to stain the chromosomes using a suitable dye such as fluorescent dye quinacrine or Giemsa stain.

这re are several types of chromosomal banding techniques. Among them, Q-banding, Reverse (R) banding and G-banding are generalized banding techniques. G banding technique uses a stain called Giemsa stain, and it stains AT-rich regions of heterochromatic regions in darkly stained bands and GC rich euchromatic regions in lightly stained bands. R banding is the reverse of G banding, and it stains GC rich regions in dark bands and AT-rich regions in light bands. Q banding, on the other hand, utilizes fluorescent dye quinacrine and it stains chromosomes in a yellow fluorescence of differing intensity. C banding technique is another banding technique that stains centromere regions. Moreover, T banding technique visualizes telomere regions.

乐队模式是生物独有的。因此，这些独特的带模式对于识别染色体和检测很重要chromosomal aberrations（染色体断裂，损失，重复，易位或倒置段）。

什么是染色体绘画？

染色体绘画是一种技术，其中特定区域或染色体的片段用荧光标记的序列特异性探针绘制。因此，染色体绘画总是与原位鱼技术。它完全基于与染色体上序列特异性探针的分子杂交。因此，它需要特定的探针才能杂交目标染色体或染色体区域。

Moreover, this technique initially requires the denaturation of the target chromosomal DNA which are in the metaphase. Secondly, the hybridization step takes place with probes. Once probes find their complementary sequences, they hybridize with the specific regions of the chromosome. We can easily observe the hybridized sites using autoradiography or immunofluorescence. Preparation of probes, denaturation, hybridization and visualization are the four main steps involved in chromosomal painting.

关于应用，在识别染色体重排，断点和确定外粒体材料时，染色体绘画很有用。此外，它是在微观水平上确切地定位染色体不同基因序列的精确定位的功能工具。此外，染色体绘画有助于识别染色体中所需特征的基因。

染色体带和染色体绘画之间有什么相似之处？

• 染色体带和染色体绘画是两个techniques used in the cytogenetic analysis.
• 这两种技术通常在中期中可视化染色体。
• 这se techniques can identify normal chromosomes and aberrations.
• Moreover, these techniques are really useful in identifying genetic disorders.

染色体带和染色体绘画有什么区别？

染色体条带是一种染色技术，可在深色和光带中显示一部分染色体，这些染色体可区分。同时，染色体绘画是一种杂交技术，它用荧光标记的序列特异性探针绘制染色体的特定区域。因此，这是染色体带和染色体绘画之间的关键区别。此外，染色体带沿着染色体的长度产生交替的深色和光带，而染色体绘画会产生荧光标记的染色体区域。

此外，染色体的带子取决于染色体DNA用染料染色的能力，而染色体绘画取决于染色体上序列特异性探针的分子杂交。这是染色体带和染色体绘画之间的重要区别。除此之外，与染色体带不同，染色体绘画技术还需要特定于序列的荧光标记探针。

摘要 - 染色体带vs染色体绘画

染色体带和染色体绘画是两个technique used to visualize chromosomes, usually in metaphase. Both techniques help to identify numerical and structural chromosomal aberrations and genetic diseases. Chromosome banding is a staining technique that displays specific regions of chromosomes in dark and light bands, which are distinguishable. Meanwhile, chromosomal painting is a type of hybridization technique that visualizes specific regions of chromosomes due to the hybridization with fluorescently labelled sequence-specific probes. So, this is the key difference between chromosome banding and chromosome painting.

参考：

1。Thomas, et al. “Chromosome Painting: A Useful Art.” OUP Academic, Oxford University Press, 1 Sept. 1998,在这里可用。
2.“ G乐队。”维基百科，维基梅迪亚基金会，2020年1月19日，在这里可用。

图片提供：

1.国家人类基因组研究所（公共领域）通过下议院维基梅迪亚
2. Anastasia i Kulemzina，Polina L Perelman，Darya A Grafodatskaya，Trung T Nguyen，Mary Thompson，Melody E Roelke-Parker和Alexander S Graphodatsky - Alexander S Graplemzina Ai，Perelman plafoda congodatskay-等。pronghorn（Antilocapra Americana）和Saola（Pseudoryx nghetinhensis）核型的比较染色体绘画，带有人和鸡皮骆驼探针。BMC遗传学。2014; 15：68。doi：10.1186/1471-2156-15-68。(CC BY 2.0)通过下议院维基梅迪亚