这关键区别在溴和氯之间Bromine is less reactive than chlorine。
卤素是元素周期表中的VII元素。所有这些元素都是电负元素,并且具有产生-1阴离子的能力。该小组的成员包括fluorine,氯,溴,碘and astatine.
CONTENTS
1。概述和关键差异
2。什么是溴
3。什么是氯
4。Side by Side Comparison – Bromine vs Chlorine in Tabular Form
5。Summary
什么是溴?
溴由符号BR表示。这是4Th氯和碘卤素之间的周期表的周期。它的电子配置为[ar] 4s23D104p5。此外,原子数为35。其原子质量为79.904。在室温下,溴作为红棕色液体。它作为双原子分子而存在2。此外,它具有毒性,腐蚀性并且有浓烈的气味。
这chemical reactivity of bromine lies between that of chlorine and iodine. Bromine is less reactive than chlorine but more reactive than iodine. It produces the bromide ion by taking up one electron. Therefore, it participates in ionic compound formation easily. Actually, in nature, bromine exists as bromide salts instead of Br2。有两个稳定的溴同位素。79BR(50.69%)和81BR(49.31%)是这些同位素。
溴在水中有点溶于水,但在氯仿等有机溶剂中溶解。它可以通过用氯气处理富含溴的盐水来产生,也可以通过用硫酸处理HBR产生溴气体。此外,它在工业和化学实验室中非常重要。溴化物化合物可用作汽油添加剂和农药。
什么是氯?
氯是我们用Cl表示的元素表中的一个元素。这是卤素(17Th小组)在3中路周期表的时期。氯的原子数为17;因此,它具有17个质子和17个电子。它的电子配置为1s22s22p63s23p5。自从psublevel should have 6 electrons to obtain the Argon noble gas electron configuration, chlorine has the ability to attract an electron.
氯具有很高的电负性,根据鲍林量表约为3。此外,氯的原子量为35.453 AMU。在室温下,它作为双原子分子存在(Cl2)。Cl2是一种黄绿色的气体。
氯的熔点为-101.5°C,沸点为-34.04°C。在所有氯同位素中,CL-35和CL-37是最稳定的同位素。当氯气溶于水中时,它会形成高度酸性的盐酸和次氯酸。
氯的氧化数不同的摇来摇去m -1 to +7. Further, it is a highly reactive gas. It can release bromine and iodine from bromide and iodide salts, respectively. Therefore, it has the ability to oxide the anions of elements which are located below chlorine in the periodic table. However, it cannot oxidize fluoride to give fluorine. Chlorine is mainly produced by the electrolysis of sodium chloride solutions. Then at the anode, we can collect chlorine gas. Chlorine is mainly important as a disinfectant in water purification. Further, it is useful in manufacturing a wide range of consumer products like food, insecticides, paints, petroleum products, plastics, medicines, textiles, solvents.
溴和氯有什么区别?
Bromine is a chemical element having the atomic number 35 and symbol Br while Chlorine is a chemical element having the atomic number 17 and symbol Cl. The key difference between bromine and chlorine is that Bromine is less reactive than chlorine.
此外,溴和氯的原子质量分别为79.904 AMU和35.453 AMU。同样,溴和氯之间的另一个区别在于,溴在室温下以红棕色液体的形式出现,而氯作为黄绿色的颜色气体出现。
以下是表格形式中溴和氯之间的差异的摘要。
Summary – Bromine vs Chlorine
Bromine is a chemical element having the atomic number 35 and symbol Br. Chlorine is a chemical element having atomic number 17 and symbol Cl. In summary, the key difference between bromine and chlorine is that Bromine is less reactive than chlorine.
参考:
1.“溴 - 元素信息,属性和用途|周期性表。”皇家化学学会 - 化学科学的卓越表现,在这里可用。
图片提供:
1。“Bromine-ampoule”由Jurii -(CC由3.0)通过下议院维基梅迪亚
2. Benjah-BMM27的“氯样本” - 通过下议院维基梅迪亚
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