Difference Between Alcohols and Spirit

Thekey differencebetween alcohols and spirit is that我们可以从中喝酒fermentation而精神来自distillation。

有证据说酒精饮料running back to a very long time. When there was no scientific knowledge, people used the fermentation process to make alcoholic beverages. Spirits are the group of consumable beverages among alcohols.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What are Alcohols
3.What is Spirit
4.Side by Side Comparison – Alcohols vs Spirit in Tabular Form
5.概括

What are Alcohols?

The characteristic of the alcohol family is the presence of a –OH functional group (hydroxyl group). Normally, this –OH group attaches with an sp³hybridized carbon. The simplest member of the family is methyl alcohol, which we know commonly asmethanol。We can classify alcohols into three groups as primary, secondary and tertiary. This classification depends on the degree of substitution of carbon to which the hydroxyl group directly attaches. If the carbon has only one other carbon attached to it, the carbon is a primary carbon, and the alcohol is a primary alcohol. If the carbon with the hydroxyl group is attached to two other carbons, then that is secondary alcohol and so on.

Moreover, we name alcohols with a suffix–olaccording to theIUPAC nomenclature。首先，我们应该选择羟基直接附着到的最长连续碳链。然后，通过丢弃最终的名称，更改了相应的烷烃的名称eand adding the suffixol。

特性

Alcohols have a higher boiling point than the corresponding hydrocarbons or ethers. The reason is the presence of intermolecular interaction between alcohol molecules through hydrogen bonding. If the R group is small, alcohols are miscible with water. However, as the R group is becoming larger, it tends to be hydrophobic.

此外，醇是极性的。C-O键和O-H键有助于分子的极性。O-H键的极化使氢部分呈阳性，并解释了醇的酸度。醇是弱酸，酸度接近水。- 哦，是一个贫穷的离开团体，因为哦^–is a strong base. But, protonation of the alcohol converts the poor leaving group –OH into a good leaving group (H₂O). The carbon, which directly attaches to the –OH group, is partially positive; therefore, it is susceptible to nucleophilic attack. Further, the electron pairs on the oxygen atom make it both basic and nucleophilic.

What is Spirit?

Spirit is the alcohol beverage that we can produce via the distillation of alcohol. It mainly consists of ethanol and is a very strong beverage. Primarily, we should allow the sugar-containing materials such as fruits, grain, vegetables, sugar cane to ferment by anaerobic bacteria like yeast.

在发酵过程中，糖转化为乙醇。然后，我们需要散布此内容。那里的酒精比水的沸点低。因此，它蒸发，然后收集的蒸气将其凝结回形成集中精神。与体积相比，我们可以根据其酒精含量来测量烈酒。白兰地，朗姆酒，伏特加酒和威士忌是精神饮料的一些例子。

酒精和精神有什么区别？

Alcohol is any organic compound in which the hydroxyl functional group binds to carbon while the spirit is an alcohol beverage which we can produce via the distillation of alcohol. The key difference between alcohols and spirit is that we can make alcohol from fermentation whereas the spirit comes from distillation.

Moreover, another difference between alcohols and spirit is that, all the alcohols are not consumable while spirits are the group of consumable beverages. Moreover, spirit mainly contains ethanol (it is an alcohol). However, when considering all the alcohols, there are different compounds such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, etc. Further, the strength of the spirit is measured by the amount of alcohol they contain.

摘要 - 酒精与精神

Although commonly beverages are known as alcohols, all the alcohols are not consumable. Spirits are the group of consumable beverages. The key difference between alcohols and spirit is that we can make alcohol from fermentation, but the spirit comes only from distillation.

Reference:

1. Libretexts. “10.1 Structure and Classification of Alcohols.” Chemistry LibreTexts, National Science Foundation, 21 July 2016.Available here

Image Courtesy:

1.”Prim. Alcohol Structural Formulae V.1″By Jü – Own work, (Public Domain) viaCommons Wikimedia
2.”Flaming cocktails”By Nik Frey(CC BY 2.5)viaCommons Wikimedia