这关键区别专业与非专业之间抗原presenting cellsis that professional antigen presenting cells are accessory cells expressingMHC II类分子以及共刺激分子和模式识别受体,而非专业抗原呈递细胞是仅表达的辅助细胞MHC class I分子。
抗原呈递细胞是一个细胞,该细胞在其表面上显示由MHC蛋白结合的抗原。它也称为附件单元。该过程称为抗原表现。因此,抗原呈递细胞的基本功能是处理抗原,并将其呈现给T细胞。Moreover, T cells can recognize these complexes by using their T cell receptors (TCRs). Professional and non-professional antigen-presenting cells are two different types of antigen-presenting cells.
CONTENTS
1。概述和关键差异
2。什么是专业抗原呈递细胞
3。What are Non-professional Antigen Presenting Cells
4。相似性 - 专业和非专业抗原呈现细胞
5.Professional vs Non-professional Antigen Presenting Cells in Tabular Form
6.Summary – Professional vs Non-professional Antigen Presenting Cells
什么是专业抗原呈递细胞?
Antigen-presenting cells that express MHC class II molecules along with co-stimulatory molecules and pattern recognition receptors are often called professional antigen-presenting cells. The term “antigen-presenting cell” is used specifically to describe professional antigen-presenting cells. However, non-professional antigen-presenting cells are also capable of antigen-presenting through MHC class I molecules.
专业的抗原呈递细胞通过吞噬作用或受体介导的内吞作用非常有效地在内化抗原。然后这些细胞将抗原处理成肽片段,并显示与膜上MHC II类分子结合的那些肽。后来,T细胞在专业抗原呈递细胞的膜上识别并与抗原MHC II类复合物相互作用。这些专业的抗原呈递细胞还会产生额外的共刺激信号,从而导致T细胞的激活。所有专业的抗原呈递细胞都可以表达MHC I类分子。专业抗原的细胞有三种主要类型:树突状细胞,macrophages andB细胞。此外,树突状细胞对辅助和细胞毒性T细胞呈现外抗原,而巨噬细胞和B细胞仅对辅助T细胞呈现外抗原。
什么是非专业抗原呈现细胞?
仅表达MHC I类分子的抗原呈递细胞通常称为非专业抗原呈递细胞。非专业抗原呈递细胞包括人体中的所有核细胞类型。这些细胞使用与β-2微球蛋白偶联的MHC I类分子在细胞膜上显示内源性肽。肽起源于细胞内。因此,它们被称为内源性肽(内源性抗原)。
细胞毒性T细胞能够与使用MHC I类分子呈现的内源性抗原相互作用。病毒感染的细胞和癌细胞是非专业抗原的细胞,可以呈现其内部抗原的细胞毒性T细胞。非专业抗原呈递细胞通常不表达MHC II类分子。
专业和非专业抗原呈现细胞之间的相似性
- Professional and non-professional antigen-presenting cells are two different types of antigen-presenting cells.
- 两种类型都可以通过其细胞膜表面上的MHC蛋白向T细胞呈现抗原。
- 两种类型都可以在将抗原呈现给T细胞之前处理抗原。
- 它们也被称为辅助细胞。
- 这y play a vital role in the adaptive immune system of the body.
之间的区别Professional and Non-professional Antigen Presenting Cells
专业的抗原呈递细胞是辅助细胞,它们与共刺激分子和模式识别受体一起表达MHC II类分子,而非专业抗原呈现细胞是仅表达MHC I类分子的辅助细胞。Thus, this is the key difference between professional and non-professional antigen-presenting cells. Furthermore, professional antigen-presenting cells can present antigens to both helper and cytotoxic T cells. On the other hand, non-professional antigen-presenting cells can present antigens only to helper T cells.
以下信息图列出了表格形式的专业和非专业抗原细胞之间的差异,以与并排比较。
Summary – Professional vs Non-professional Antigen Presenting Cells
抗原呈递细胞通过其细胞膜表面上的MHC蛋白来调节T细胞抗原的过程。有两种类型的抗原呈递细胞是专业和非专业抗原呈递细胞。这些在身体的自适应免疫系统中起着至关重要的作用。专业的抗原呈递细胞是辅助细胞,它们与共刺激分子和模式识别受体一起表达MHC II类分子,而非专业抗原呈现细胞是仅表达MHC I类分子的辅助细胞。因此,这总结了专业和非专业抗原呈递细胞之间的差异。
参考:
1. B. N;,Schuijs MJ; Hammad H; Lambrecht。“Professional and ‘Amateur’ Antigen-Presenting Cells in Type 2 Immunity。” Trends in Immunology, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
2. Mehrfeld,Christina等。“非专业抗原细胞对肝脏免疫和耐受性的贡献。” Frontiers, Frontiers, 1 Jan. 1AD.
图片提供:
1。“Response-of-the-cells-of-innate-and-adaptive-immune-system-to-fullerene” By Danijela Petrovic, Mariana Seke, Branislava Srdjenovic, Aleksandar Djordjevic – “Applications of Anti/Prooxidant Fullerenes in Nanomedicine along with Fullerenes Influence on the Immune System”. Journal of Nanomaterials doi:10.1155/2015/565638(CC BY 4.0)via Commons Wikimedia
2.“”MHC四聚体与T细胞受体结合(左),在抗原表面上的MHC分子结合了抗原的细胞与T细胞受体结合(右)”伯特姆克索马斯(Bethmkthomas) - 自己的作品(CC BY-SA 4.0)via Commons Wikimedia
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